The effect of environmental factors on the chemical composition of plants eventually resulting in plant growth regulation is an age-old issue in plant biology. Nowadays, the acceleration in changes in environmental conditions (e.g. global warming) can act as an incentive to investigate their correlation with metabolic changes. In this study, Cistus monspeliensis plants grown on the island of Sardinia (Italy) were used to explore the geographical-mediated metabolic variation and its repercussion on plant-fungus interactions. Samples of different ecotypes of C. monspeliensis were collected and chemically profiled by 1H NMR and HPTLC-based metabolomics and the relationship between the variations of biological activity was examined by multivariate data analysis. The ecotypes, collected from different geographical zones and altitudes, exhibited clearly distinguishable chemical profiles, particularly in their terpene and phenolic contents. In particular, multivariate data analysis revealed several diterpenes of the labdane and clerodane series among the terpenes and methoxyflavonoids to be responsible for the differentiation. The antifungal activity of the plants was used to explore the correlation between chemical variation and biological activity. Results showed that there was a strong correlation between the metabolic profiles and the antifungal activity, revealing terpenes and methoxylated flavonoids as the main involved metabolites. This demonstrated that environmental factors can influence the chemical variation of plant ecotypes, resulting in the generation of chemotypes that are potentially adapted to their niche conditions including the plant-fungal interactions.

中文翻译：

---

Cistus monspeliensis L. 生态型的代谢变异与其植物-真菌相互作用相关

环境因素对植物化学成分的影响最终导致植物生长调节是植物生物学中的一个古老问题。如今，环境条件变化的加速（例如全球变暖）可以作为研究它们与代谢变化相关性的动力。在这项研究中，生长在撒丁岛（意大利）的岩蔷薇植物被用来探索地理介导的代谢变异及其对植物-真菌相互作用的影响。收集了不同生态型 C. monspeliensis 的样本，并通过 1 H NMR 和基于 HPTLC 的代谢组学进行化学分析，并通过多变量数据分析检查生物活性变化之间的关系。从不同地理区域和海拔高度收集的生态型，表现出明显可区分的化学特征，特别是在它们的萜烯和酚类含量方面。特别是，多变量数据分析揭示了萜烯和甲氧基黄酮类化合物中劳丹烷和克罗丹系列的几种二萜负责分化。植物的抗真菌活性用于探索化学变异与生物活性之间的相关性。结果表明，代谢特征与抗真菌活性之间存在很强的相关性，揭示萜烯和甲氧基化黄酮类化合物是主要的参与代谢物。这表明环境因素可以影响植物生态型的化学变异，从而产生可能适应其生态位条件的化学型，包括植物 - 真菌相互作用。