Abstract Ten hydrazone derivatives bearing a (benz)imidazole nucleus were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antioxidant, antifungal, and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities. All the synthesized compounds (1-10) showed good to excellent antioxidant activity. Among them, compound 10 was found to be the best acetylcholinesterase inhibitor with an IC50 value comparable to that of the galantamine. Compound 5 was found to be the best antifungal agent against Fusarium oxysporum fungal strain when compared to the commercial fungicide carbendazim. DFT calculations, for representative molecules 1 and 6, were also performed to investigate the antioxidant mechanisms, and it was found that SETPT (sequential electron transfer-proton transfer) is the most favorable mechanism in ethanol. Molecular docking studies of the most active compounds were carried out, and results showed reasonable binding modes in the active site of Fusarium oxysporum FGB1 enzyme and acetylcholinesterase. Finally, in silico predictions of ADME and pharmacokinetic parameters indicated that these compounds should have good oral bioavailability.

中文翻译：

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（苯）咪唑-腙衍生物作为有前景的抗氧化剂、抗真菌剂和抗乙酰胆碱酯酶剂的设计、合成、生物学评价、分子对接、DFT 计算和计算机模拟 ADME 分析

摘要 设计、合成了 10 种带有（苯）咪唑核的腙衍生物，并评估了它们的抗氧化、抗真菌和抗乙酰胆碱酯酶活性。所有合成的化合物（1-10）都表现出良好至极好的抗氧化活性。其中，化合物10被发现是最好的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂，其IC50值与加兰他敏相当。与商业杀菌剂多菌灵相比，发现化合物 5 是对抗尖孢镰刀菌 (Fusarium oxysporum) 真菌菌株的最佳抗真菌剂。还对代表性分子 1 和 6 进行了 DFT 计算以研究抗氧化机制，发现 SETPT（顺序电子转移 - 质子转移）是乙醇中最有利的机制。对最具活性的化合物进行了分子对接研究，结果表明尖孢镰刀菌 FGB1 酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性位点存在合理的结合模式。最后，ADME 和药代动力学参数的计算机模拟预测表明这些化合物应具有良好的口服生物利用度。