A key therapeutic strategy to prevent metabolic syndrome is the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Derivatives isolated from naturally-sourced seaweeds may act as inhibitors of these enzymes. The aims of this study are to evaluate in vitro the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition of 45 crude extracts from 31 species of Ochrophyta, Rhodophyta, and Chlorophyta present in Mexican seashores, describe their acute toxicity, and putatively identify some of the potential bioactive compounds by using untargeted metabolomics. Also, active extracts were evaluated in the brine shrimp lethality test. Samples were collected during rainy and dry seasons in the rocky shores of Paraíso, Villa Rica and Muñecos, in Veracruz, Mexico. Crude extracts were obtained by maceration and then tested on both enzymes. Chemical profiling was done by accurate mass spectrometry and data was analyzed using statistical tools. The results showed that seaweeds from Veracruz are sources of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors. The highest α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition (IC₅₀ values) were observed in Cladophora dalmatica (116.99 ± 11.59, 27.86 ± 2.95 μg mL⁻¹), Ectocarpus siliculosus (679 ± 68.17, 276.86 ± 11.20 μg mL⁻¹), Padina boergesenii (567.01 ± 65.20, 43.89 ± 5.46 μg mL⁻¹) and P. gymnospora (>1000, 59.92 ± 7.45 μg mL⁻¹) species, respectively. Active extracts were more effective inhibitors of α-glucosidase compared to acarbose (>1000 μg mL⁻¹), used as drug reference. C. dalmatica showed high toxicity (LC₅₀ = 37.55 ± 1.04 μg mL⁻¹), whilst the rest of the active extracts did not. Fatty acids and terpenoids were tentatively identified in the active extracts as potential inhibitors of tested enzymes. In conclusion, Mexican seaweeds constitute sources of metabolites that could reduce hyperglycemia postprandial by the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Ochrophyta species are the best sources to look for these inhibitors because their extracts are not toxic and displayed lower α-amylase inhibitory activities.

预防代谢综合征的关键治疗策略是抑制α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶。从天然来源的海藻中分离出的衍生物可以作为这些酶的抑制剂。这项研究的目的是评估体外墨西哥海岸存在的31种蛇形藻，红藻和绿藻中的45种粗提物的α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用，描述了它们的急性毒性，并通过使用非靶向代谢组学推定了某些潜在的生物活性化合物。此外，活性提取物在盐水虾致死性测试中进行了评估。在雨季和干旱季节，在墨西哥韦拉克鲁斯州的帕拉伊索，维拉里卡和穆尼科斯多岩石的海岸上收集了样本。通过浸软获得粗提取物，然后在两种酶上进行测试。通过精确的质谱分析进行化学分析，并使用统计工具分析数据。结果表明，韦拉克鲁斯州的海藻是α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂的来源。最高的α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制（IC ₅₀值）中观察到刚毛藻dalmatica（116.99±11.59，27.86±2.95微克毫升^-1），水云siliculosus（679±68.17，276.86±11.20微克毫升^-1），Padina boergesenii（567.01±65.20，43.89±5.46微克毫升^{- 1}）和裸枝假单胞菌（> 1000，59.92 ± 7.45μgmL ^-1）物种。与用作药物参考的阿卡波糖（> 1000μgmL ^-1）相比，活性提取物是更有效的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂。达美梭菌显示高毒性（LC ₅₀  = 37.55±1.04μgmL ^-1），而其余的活性提取物则没有。初步确定了活性提取物中的脂肪酸和萜类化合物是受试酶的潜在抑制剂。总之，墨西哥海藻构成了代谢产物的来源，可以通过抑制α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶来减少餐后高血糖症。ch癣菌种是寻找这些抑制剂的最佳来源，因为它们的提取物无毒并且显示出较低的α-淀粉酶抑制活性。