In this study, mineralogical and microanalysis characterization, as well as diagnostic leaching and cyanidation tests, were performed to gain a better understanding of the refractory nature of the arsenical zone of a Carlin-type gold deposit and also to evaluate possible treatment routes to maximize gold recovery. The results obtained showed that only 56% of the ore’s gold content is amenable to direct cyanidation. The majority of the remaining gold was found as submicroscopic gold and in association with sulfide minerals, such as orpiment, pyrite, and sphalerite. It was also found that despite the abundance of silicate and carbonate minerals in the arsenical zone, they do not play a key role in the refractory nature of the ore, and gold can be liberated from such minerals by appropriate grinding. The analyses further revealed that orpiment dissolves readily during cyanidation, and this dissolution retards the kinetics of gold extraction. Pyrite and sphalerite were generally found to occur in fine network texture and in association with quartz. Flotation of such auriferous sulfides may be difficult due to their oxidized surface. Fine grinding (−20 μm) was found to be partially effective in improving gold extraction.

中文翻译：

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卡林型金矿床砷带过程矿物学研究

在这项研究中，进行了矿物学和微量分析表征，以及诊断性浸出和氰化测试，以更好地了解卡林型金矿床砷带的难熔性质，并评估可能的处理路线以最大限度地利用金恢复。获得的结果表明，只有 56% 的矿石金含量适合直接氰化。大多数剩余的金被发现为亚微观金，并与硫化物矿物，如雌黄、黄铁矿和闪锌矿有关。研究还发现，尽管砷带中含有丰富的硅酸盐和碳酸盐矿物，但它们对矿石的耐火性质并不起关键作用，通过适当的研磨可以从这些矿物中释放出金。分析进一步表明，在氰化过程中雌黄很容易溶解，这种溶解会阻碍金提取的动力学。黄铁矿和闪锌矿通常以精细的网状结构出现，并与石英伴生。由于它们的氧化表面，这些含金硫化物的浮选可能很困难。发现精细研磨 (-20 μm) 在改善金提取方面部分有效。