We give a concise version of a recently proposed concept of fractionalization of an order parameter, thus generating a constraint through a fictitious gauge field (Chakraborty et al. 2019). We argue that this new line of approach is key to explain the longstanding mystery of the pseudo-gap phase in cuprate superconductors. For example, the fractionalization of a finite momentum, charge two state living on lattice bonds- also called Pair Density Wave, into a particle-particle and a particle-hole pair leads to the opening of a gap in the fermionic spectrum. It induces “phase-locking” between the particle-particle and particle-hole pairs. We describe the formation of the Fermi arcs in the spectrum and give an account of recent Raman spectroscopy results from a minimal microscopic model. We relate the “phase-locking” to intriguing STM experimental observations.

中文翻译：

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局部化局部对密度波：打开伪间隙的良好“配方”

我们给出了最近提出的阶数化参数分阶概念的简明版本，从而通过一个虚拟的规范字段生成约束（Chakraborty等人，2019年）。我们认为，这种新方法是解释铜酸盐超导体伪间隙相长期存在的奥秘的关键。例如，有限动量的分数化将生活在晶格键上的两个状态（也称为对密度波）带入粒子-粒子和粒子-空穴对中，从而导致铁离子光谱中的缺口打开。它在粒子-粒子和粒子-空穴对之间引起“锁相”。我们描述了光谱中费米弧的形成，并从一个最小的显微镜模型给出了最近的拉曼光谱结果。