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Gene regulation gravitates towards either addition or multiplication when combining the effects of two signals
bioRxiv - Systems Biology Pub Date : 2020-10-27 , DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.26.116962
Eric M. Sanford , Benjamin L. Emert , Allison Coté , Arjun Raj

Signals often ultimately affect the transcription of genes, and often, two different signals can affect the transcription of the same gene. In such cases, it is natural to ask how the combined transcriptional response compares to the individual responses. Mechanistic models can predict a range of combined responses, with the most commonly applied models predicting additive or multiplicative responses, but systematic genome-wide evaluation of these predictions are not available. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptional response of human MCF-7 cells to two different signals (retinoic acid and TGF-β), applied individually and in combination. We found that the combined responses exhibited a range of behaviors, but clearly favored both additive and multiplicative combined transcriptional responses. We also performed paired chromatin accessibility measurements to measure putative transcription factor occupancy at regulatory elements near these genes. We found that increases in chromatin accessibility were largely additive, meaning that the combined accessibility response was the sum of the accessibility responses to each signal individually. We found some association between super-additivity of accessibility and multiplicative or super-multiplicative combined transcriptional responses, while sub-additivity of accessibility associated with additive transcriptional responses. Our findings suggest that mechanistic models of combined transcriptional regulation must be able to reproduce a range of behaviors.

中文翻译:

当结合两个信号的作用时,基因调节趋向于加法或乘法

信号通常最终会影响基因的转录,而且经常有两个不同的信号会影响同一基因的转录。在这种情况下,自然要问合并的转录反应与单个反应如何比较。力学模型可以预测一系列组合反应,最常用的模型可以预测加性或乘性反应,但是尚无法对这些预测进行系统的全基因组评估。在这里,我们对人MCF-7细胞对两种不同信号(视黄酸和TGF-β)的转录反应进行了全面分析,这些信号分别或组合使用。我们发现组合的反应表现出一系列的行为,但显然赞成加性和乘性组合的转录反应。我们还进行了配对的染色质可及性测量,以测量这些基因附近调控元件上的假定转录因子占有率。我们发现染色质可及性的增加在很大程度上是累加的,这意味着组合可及性响应是每个信号分别可及性响应的总和。我们发现可及性的超可加性与乘性或超乘性组合转录反应之间的某种关联,而可及性的亚可加性与加性转录反应有关。我们的发现表明,结合转录调控的机制模型必须能够重现一系列行为。我们发现染色质可及性的增加在很大程度上是累加的,这意味着组合可及性响应是每个信号分别可及性响应的总和。我们发现可及性的超可加性与乘性或超乘性组合转录反应之间的某种联系,而可及性的亚可加性与加性转录反应有关。我们的发现表明,结合转录调控的机制模型必须能够重现一系列行为。我们发现染色质可及性的增加在很大程度上是累加的,这意味着组合可及性响应是每个信号分别可及性响应的总和。我们发现可及性的超可加性与乘性或超乘性组合转录反应之间的某种联系,而可及性的亚可加性与加性转录反应有关。我们的发现表明,结合转录调控的机制模型必须能够重现一系列行为。我们发现可及性的超可加性与乘性或超乘性组合转录反应之间的某种联系,而可及性的亚可加性与加性转录反应有关。我们的发现表明,结合转录调控的机制模型必须能够重现一系列行为。我们发现可及性的超可加性与乘性或超乘性组合转录反应之间的某种关联,而可及性的亚可加性与加性转录反应有关。我们的发现表明,结合转录调控的机制模型必须能够重现一系列行为。
更新日期:2020-10-30
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