As bacteria transition from exponential to stationary phase they change greatly in size, morphology, growth and expression-profiles. These responses also vary between individual cells, but it has proven difficult to track cell lineages along the growth curve to determine the progression of events or correlations between how individual cells enter and exit dormancy. We developed a platform for tracking >105 parallel cell lineages in dense and changing cultures, independently validating that the imaged cells closely track batch populations. Initial applications show that for both Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, growth changes from an 'adder' mode in exponential phase to mixed 'adders-timers' entering stationary phase, and then a near-perfect 'sizer' upon exit, creating broadly distributed cell sizes in stationary phase but rapidly returning to narrowly distributed sizes upon exit. Furthermore, cells that undergo more divisions entering stationary phase suffer reduced survival after long periods of dormancy but are the only cells observed that persist against antibiotics.

中文翻译：

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跟踪复杂动态环境中的细菌谱系，并将其应用于生长控制和持久性

随着细菌从指数相过渡到固定相，它们的大小，形态，生长和表达特征发生了很大变化。这些反应在单个细胞之间也有所不同，但是事实证明很难沿着生长曲线追踪细胞谱系，以确定事件的进程或单个细胞如何进入和退出休眠状态之间的相关性。我们开发了一个平台，可以在密集和不断变化的文化中跟踪> 105个平行细胞谱系，独立验证成像的细胞紧密跟踪批次种群。最初的应用表明，对于大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌而言，其生长从指数阶段的“加法器”模式转变为进入固定阶段的混合“加法器－定时器”模式，然后在退出时变为近乎完美的“定尺寸器”，在固定阶段创建了分布广泛的像元大小，但在退出时迅速恢复为分布狭窄的像元大小。此外，经历更多分裂进入静止期的细胞在长期休眠后会降低存活率，但是这是观察到的唯一对抗生素持续存在的细胞。