It is becoming increasingly clear that certain psychological factors will render some individuals more susceptible to problematic pain outcomes. Past research has pointed to psychological factors such as catastrophic thinking, fear of pain, and low self-efficacy as risk factors for heightened pain and disability. As summarized in the systematic review by Carriere and colleagues [1], emerging research suggests that individuals who experience high levels of “perceived injustice” in relation to their pain condition or injury are at high risk for a range of adverse pain outcomes including more severe pain, more pronounced or prolonged disability, more severe or persistent symptoms of mental health problems (e.g., depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder), and lower quality of life.

中文翻译：

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对不公正和痛苦的成果的看法。

越来越明显的是，某些心理因素将使某些人更容易出现问题性疼痛。过去的研究指出，诸如灾难性思维，对疼痛的恐惧和自我效能低下等心理因素是加剧疼痛和残疾的危险因素。正如Carriere及其同事[1]的系统评价中所总结的那样，新兴研究表明，与他们的疼痛状况或伤害相关的经历高水平“感知到的不公正”的人处于一系列不良疼痛后果的风险较高，包括更严重的疼痛，更明显或更长的残疾，更严重或持续的精神健康问题症状（例如抑郁，焦虑，创伤后应激障碍）以及生活质量下降。