Rheumatoid arthritis is a disabling autoimmune disease with a high global prevalence. Treatment with disease‐modifying anti‐arthritic drugs (DIMARDs) has been routinely used with beneficial effects but with adverse long‐term consequences; novel targeted biologics and small‐molecule inhibitors are promising options. In this study, we investigated whether purified omega unsaturated fatty acids (ω‐UFAs) and dialysable leukocyte extracts (DLEs) prevented the development of arthritis in a model of collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. We also investigated whether the transcription factor NF‐κB and the NLRP3 inflammasome were involved in the process and whether their activity was modulated by treatment. The development of arthritis was evaluated for 84 days following treatment with nothing, dexamethasone, DLEs, docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, and oleic acid. Progression of CIA was monitored by evaluating clinical manifestations, inflammatory changes, and histological alterations in the pads’ articular tissues. Both DLEs and ω‐UFAs led to an almost complete inhibition of the inflammatory histopathology of CIA and this was concomitant with the inhibition of NF‐kB and the inhibition of the activation of NLRP3. These data suggest that ω‐UFAs and DLEs might have NF‐κB as a common target and that they might be used as ancillary medicines in the treatment of arthritis.

中文翻译：

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欧米伽不饱和脂肪酸和可透析白细胞提取物对 DBA/1 小鼠胶原诱导的关节炎的抗炎作用。

类风湿性关节炎是一种致残性自身免疫性疾病，全球患病率很高。常规使用缓解疾病抗关节炎药物（DIMARD）治疗，取得了有益效果，但产生了长期不良后果；新型靶向生物制剂和小分子抑制剂是有前途的选择。在这项研究中，我们研究了纯化的欧米伽不饱和脂肪酸（ω-UFA）和可透析白细胞提取物（DLE）是否可以在小鼠胶原诱导关节炎（CIA）模型中预防关节炎的发展。我们还研究了转录因子 NF-κB 和 NLRP3 炎症小体是否参与该过程以及它们的活性是否受到治疗的调节。在不使用地塞米松、DLE、二十二碳六烯酸、花生四烯酸和油酸进行治疗后的 84 天中评估了关节炎的发展情况。通过评估临床表现、炎症变化和垫关节组织的组织学改变来监测 CIA 的进展。DLE 和 ω-UFA 几乎完全抑制 CIA 的炎症组织病理学，同时抑制 NF-kB 和抑制 NLRP3 的激活。这些数据表明，ω-UFA 和 DLE 可能以 NF-κB 作为共同靶点，并且它们可能用作治疗关节炎的辅助药物。