The incidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in the Western world has increased dramatically during the recent decades. According to the American Cancer Society, pancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer‐related death in the United States. The relationship among obesity, T2DM and PC is complex. Due to increase in obesity, diabetes, alcohol consumption and sedentary lifestyle, the mortality due to PC is expected to rise significantly by year 2040. The underlying mechanisms by which diabetes and obesity contribute to pancreatic tumorigenesis are not well understood. Furthermore, metabolism and microenvironment within the pancreas can also modulate pancreatic carcinogenesis. The risk of PC on a population level may be reduced by modifiable lifestyle risk factors. In this review, the interactions of diabetes and obesity to PC development were summarized, and novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and PC were discussed.

中文翻译：

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肥胖和糖尿病对胰腺癌的影响：分子机制和临床观点。

在最近的几十年中，西方国家的肥胖和2型糖尿病（T2DM）发病率急剧上升。根据美国癌症协会的资料，胰腺癌（PC）是美国癌症相关死亡的第四大主要原因。肥胖，T2DM和PC之间的关系很复杂。由于肥胖症，糖尿病，饮酒和久坐的生活方式的增加，预计到2040年PC造成的死亡率将显着增加。糖尿病和肥胖症促成胰腺肿瘤发生的潜在机制尚不清楚。此外，胰腺内的新陈代谢和微环境也可以调节胰腺癌的发生。可以通过改变生活方式风险因素来降低人群中PC的风险。在这篇评论中