The first porcine Sapovirus (SaV) Cowden strain was discovered in 1980. To date, eight genogroups (GIII, V-IX) and three genogroups (GIII, GV, and GVI) of porcine SaVs have been detected from domestic pigs worldwide and wild boars in Japan, respectively based on the capsid sequences. Although GIII Cowden strain replicated in the villous epithelial cells and caused intestinal lesions in the proximal small intestines (mainly in duodenal and less in jejunum), leading to mild to severe diarrhea, in the orally inoculated neonatal gnotobiotic pigs, the significance of porcine SaVs in different ages of pigs with diarrhea in the field is still undetermined. This is due to two reasons: 1) similar prevalence of porcine SaVs was detected in diarrheic and non-diarrheic pigs; and 2) co-infection of porcine SaVs with other enteric pathogens is common in pigs. Diagnosis of porcine SaV infection is mainly based on the detection of viral nucleic acids using reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and sequencing. Much is unknown about these genetically diverse viruses to understand their role in pig health and to evaluate whether vaccines are needed to prevent SaV infection.

1980年发现了第一批猪Sapovirus（SaV）Cowden菌株。迄今为止，从世界各地的家养猪和野猪中检出了8个基因组（GIII，V-IX）和3个基因组（GIII，GV和GVI）。在日本分别基于衣壳序列。尽管GIII Cowden品系在绒毛上皮细胞中复制并在近端小肠中引起肠损伤（主要在十二指肠，空肠中较少），导致口服轻生至重度腹泻，但在新生的新生儿生猪中口服猪SaVs的重要性尚未确定猪场中不同年龄的腹泻病。这是由于两个原因：1）在腹泻和非腹泻猪中检出的猪SaV流行率相似。2）猪SaV与其他肠道病原体共同感染在猪中很常见。猪SaV感染的诊断主要基于使用逆转录（RT）-PCR和测序检测病毒核酸。对于这些遗传上多样化的病毒，要了解它们在猪健康中的作用并评估是否需要预防SaV感染的疫苗，目前尚不清楚。