In this work, an analytical model was developed to study the distribution of electric potential in a graphene reinforced nanocomposite (GRNC) nanowire. The electromechanical responses such as electric potential and deflection of cylindrical GRNC cantilevered nanowire were investigated. Moreover, the conservative fully coupled finite element (FE) models were developed to validate the analytical predictions. Analytical solution shows that the piezoelectric potential in the GRNC nanowire depends on the transverse force, but it is not a function of the force acting along its axial direction. The electric potential in the tensile and compressive sections of nanowire is antisymmetric along its cross-section, making it as a “parallel plate capacitor” for nanopiezotronics applications such as nanogenerator and piezoelectric field effect transistor due to potential drop across the nanowire which assists as the gate voltage. The predictions of potential distributions across the GRNC nanowire considering piezoelectricity show better agreement with FE predictions. Outcomes of the current work reveal that the flexoelectric effect on the electromechanical behavior of GRNC nanowire is noteworthy and cannot be ignored.

在这项工作中，开发了一种分析模型来研究石墨烯增强纳米复合材料（GRNC）纳米线中的电势分布。研究了圆柱形GRNC悬臂纳米线的电机械响应，例如电势和挠度。此外，开发了保守的完全耦合有限元（FE）模型以验证分析预测。分析解决方案表明，GRANC纳米线中的压电势取决于横向力，但它不是沿其轴向方向作用的力的函数。纳米线拉伸和压缩部分的电势沿其横截面是反对称的，由于跨纳米线的电位降有助于栅极电压，因此使其成为纳米压电应用（如纳米发电机和压电场效应晶体管）的“平行板电容器”。考虑到压电性，跨GRNC纳米线的电位分布的预测与FE预测显示出更好的一致性。当前工作的结果表明，对GRNC纳米线的机电行为的柔电效应是值得注意的，不能忽视。