Arch structure is one of the basic structural form used in underground engineering. Its load distribution under blasting load directly affects/determines its failure mode and damage grade. However, the experimental studies on this issue are currently limited, owing to the complexity and difficulty of the blasting experiments of underground structures. Therefore, in order to explore the propagation and distribution of blasting stress waves in concrete, comparative analyses, which are based on model test results of concrete target implosion, in view of fluid–solid coupling algorithm were firstly adopted. The reliability of numerical simulation algorithms was also verified. Then, the close-in blasting simulation calculations of the underground arch structure were performed using the verified numerical algorithm. The distribution law of the surface load of the underground arch structure was analyzed, and the time-history curves of overpressure and impulse at various points on the surface were obtained. Through the data normalization and fitting method, the load distribution function of structure surface is obtained, and a simplified prediction formula for predicting the vault point blast load parameters was established. Utilizing these formulas, a general method for determining the blast load at any point on the structure surface is proposed.

拱结构是地下工程中使用的基本结构形式之一。其在爆破载荷下的载荷分布直接影响/确定其失效模式和破坏等级。然而，由于地下结构的爆破实验的复杂性和困难性，目前对该问题的实验研究是有限的。因此，为了探索爆破应力波在混凝土中的传播和分布，首先基于流固耦合算法，基于混凝土目标内爆模型试验结果进行了比较分析。数值仿真算法的可靠性也得到了验证。然后，使用验证的数值算法对地下拱结构进行了近距离爆破模拟计算。分析了地下拱结构表面荷载的分布规律，得到了表面各点超压和冲击的时程曲线。通过数据归一化和拟合的方法，获得结构表面的载荷分布函数，建立了预测拱顶爆破载荷参数的简化预测公式。利用这些公式，提出了一种确定结构表面任意点爆炸载荷的通用方法。建立了拱顶爆破荷载参数的简化预测公式。利用这些公式，提出了一种确定结构表面任意点爆炸载荷的通用方法。建立了拱顶爆破荷载参数的简化预测公式。利用这些公式，提出了一种确定结构表面任意点爆炸载荷的通用方法。