The functionality of most functional materials is determined by their structures, and rechargeable batteries are no exception. However, they differ from conventional functional materials for material exchanges and structural evolutions during dynamic electrochemical processes. Many fascinating electrochemical phenomena emerge in the electrode and solid electrolyte materials because of distinctive structural features. Symmetry, as one of the basic concepts in material science, provides a promising perspective to decipher the intrinsic code of the correlations between material structures and the electrochemical properties. In this paper, the concepts of symmetry and symmetry breaking are introduced, followed by an analysis of some typical examples where various effects on the electrochemical behaviors of battery materials are induced by symmetry. Discussion and outlook are also provided, which may benefit further studies.

大多数功能材料的功能取决于其结构，可充电电池也不例外。然而，它们不同于传统的功能材料，在动态电化学过程中用于材料交换和结构演变。由于独特的结构特征，许多引人入胜的电化学现象出现在电极和固体电解质材料中。对称性作为材料科学中的基本概念之一，为破译材料结构与电化学性质之间的内在联系提供了广阔的前景。在本文中，介绍了对称性和对称性破坏的概念，然后分析了一些典型示例，其中通过对称性对电池材料的电化学行为产生了各种影响。