Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) leads to serious economic losses because of reductions in yield and quality. To analyze the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for PHS resistance in japonica rice, PHS rates on panicles were measured in 160 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between the temperate japonica varieties Odae (PHS resistant) and Unbong40 (PHS susceptible) under two different environmental conditions—field (summer) and greenhouse (winter) environments. Genome re-sequencing of the parental varieties detected 266,773 DNA polymorphisms including 248,255 single nucleotide polymorphisms and 18,518 insertions/deletions. We constructed a genetic map comprising 239 kompetitive allele-specific PCR and 49 cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence markers. In the field environment, two major QTLs, qPHS-3^FD and qPHS-11^FD, were identified on chromosomes 3 and 11, respectively, whereas three major QTLs, qPHS-3^GH, qPHS-4^GH, and qPHS-11^GH, were identified on chromosomes 3, 4, and 11, respectively, in the greenhouse environment. qPHS-11^GH and qPHS-11^FD had similar locations on chromosome 11, suggesting the existence of a gene conferring stable PHS resistance effects under different environmental conditions. The QTLs identified in this study can be used to improve the PHS resistance of japonica varieties, and they may improve our understanding of the genetic basis of PHS resistance.

收获前发芽（PHS）由于产量和质量下降而导致严重的经济损失。为了分析粳稻中抗PHS的数量性状基因座（QTL），在160个由温带粳稻之间杂交而来的重组自交系（RIL）中测量了穗上的PHS率在两个不同的环境条件下（田间（夏季）和温室（冬季）环境）对Odae（耐PHS）和Unbong40（PHS易感）品种进行研究。亲本品种的基因组重测序检测到266,773个DNA多态性，包括248,255个单核苷酸多态性和18,518个插入/缺失。我们构建了一个包含239个竞争性等位基因特异性PCR和49个裂解的扩增多态性序列标记的遗传图谱。在野外环境中，分别在3号和11号染色体上鉴定出两个主要QTL，qPHS-3 ^FD和qPHS-11 ^FD，而三个主要QTL，分别是qPHS-3 ^GH，qPHS-4 ^GH和qPHS-11 ^GH。在温室环境中分别在3号，4号和11号染色体上被鉴定出。qPHS-11 ^GH和qPHS-11 ^FD在11号染色体上具有相似的位置，表明存在在不同环境条件下均具有稳定的PHS抗药性的基因。在这项研究中确定的QTL可以用于提高粳稻品种对PHS的抗性，并且可以增进我们对PHS抗性的遗传基础的了解。