To assess the effect of anthropogenic activities on ecosystems, it is of prime importance to develop new tools enabling a rapid characterisation of ecological communities. Freshwater ecosystems are particularly impacted and threatened by human activities and need thorough attention to preserve their biodiversity and the ecological services they provide. Studying such ecosystems is generally difficult because the associated organisms are hard to sample and to monitor. We present a ready to use environmental metabarcoding diagnostic tool to characterise and monitor the freshwater malacofauna from water samples. The efficiency of this new tool was compared to a classical malacological survey at 19 sampled sites from 10 distinct rivers distributed over Corsica Island (France). Our eDNA monitoring tool demonstrated a remarkable ability to reconstitute the local malacofauna compared to the malacological survey, with 97.1% of species detection confirmed by both methods. The present tool successfully detected the 11 freshwater snail species previously reported in Corsica by malacological survey but was limited at the genus level for some species. Moreover, our malacological survey allowed an update of the local distribution of a wide diversity of freshwater snails including invasive species (i.e. Potamopyrgus antipodarum and Physa acuta) as well as snail hosts of pathogens of medical and veterinary importance (i.e. Bulinus truncatus and Galba truncatula).

中文翻译：

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一瓶水中的药物学调查：手动采样与环境DNA元条形码技术之间的比较研究

为了评估人为活动对生态系统的影响，开发能够快速表征生态群落特征的新工具至关重要。淡水生态系统尤其受到人类活动的影响和威胁，需要充分关注以保护其生物多样性及其提供的生态服务。由于难以对相关生物进行采样和监测，因此研究此类生态系统通常很困难。我们提出了一种随时可用的环境元条形码诊断工具来表征和监测水样中的淡水疟疾。将该新工具的效率与经典的冰川学调查进行了比较，该调查是在分布于法国科西嘉岛的10条不同河流的19个采样点进行的。与哺乳动物学调查相比，我们的eDNA监测工具显示出显着的重组本地疟疾动物的能力，两种方法均证实了97.1％的物种检出。本工具成功地通过哺乳动物学调查成功地发现了先前在科西嘉岛上报告的11种淡水蜗牛物种，但在某些物种的属水平上受到限制。此外，我们的哺乳动物学调查允许更新各种淡水蜗牛的本地分布，其中包括入侵物种（即Potamopyrgus antipodarum和Physa acuta）以及具有医学和兽医学重要性的病原体（例如Bulinus truncatus和Galba truncatula）的蜗牛宿主。 。本工具成功地通过哺乳动物学调查成功地发现了先前在科西嘉岛上报告的11种淡水蜗牛物种，但在某些物种的属水平上受到限制。此外，我们的哺乳动物学调查允许更新各种淡水蜗牛的本地分布，其中包括入侵物种（即Potamopyrgus antipodarum和Physa acuta）以及具有医学和兽医学重要性的病原体（例如Bulinus truncatus和Galba truncatula）的蜗牛宿主。 。本工具成功地通过哺乳动物学调查成功地发现了先前在科西嘉岛上报告的11种淡水蜗牛物种，但在某些物种的属水平上受到限制。此外，我们的哺乳动物学调查允许更新各种淡水蜗牛的本地分布，其中包括入侵物种（即Potamopyrgus antipodarum和Physa acuta）以及具有医学和兽医学重要性的病原体（例如Bulinus truncatus和Galba truncatula）的蜗牛宿主。 。