There is an urgent need to find alternative feed resources that can further substitute fishmeal in Atlantic salmon diets without compromising health and food quality, in particular during the finishing feeding period when the feed demand is highest and flesh quality effects are most significant. This study investigates efficacy of substituting a isoprotein (35 %) and isolipid (35 %) low fishmeal diet (FM, 15 %) with Antarctic krill meal (KM, 12 %) during 3 months with growing finishing 2·3 kg salmon (quadruplicate sea cages/diet). Final body weight (3·9 (se0·04) kg) was similar in the dietary groups, but the KM group had more voluminous body shape, leaner hearts and improved fillet integrity, firmness and colour. Ectopic epithelial cells and focal Ca deposits in intestine were only detected in the FM group. Transcriptome profiling by microarray of livers showed dietary effects on several immune genes, and a panel of structural genes were up-regulated in the KM group, including cadherin and connexin. Up-regulation of genes encoding myosin heavy chain proteins was the main finding in skeletal muscle. Morphology examination by scanning electron microscopy and secondary structure by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy revealed more ordered and stable collagen architecture of the KM group. NEFA composition of skeletal muscle indicated altered metabolism ofn-3,n-6 and SFA of the KM group. The results demonstrated that improved health and meat quality in Atlantic salmon fed krill meal were associated with up-regulation of immune genes, proteins defining muscle properties and genes involved in cell contacts and adhesion, altered fatty acid metabolism and fat deposition, and improved gut health and collagen structure.

中文翻译：

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在最终饲喂期间添加南极磷虾粉可改善大西洋鲑鱼 (Salmo salarL.) 的健康和鱼片质量

迫切需要寻找替代饲料资源，在不影响健康和食品质量的情况下进一步替代大西洋鲑鱼饲料中的鱼粉，特别是在饲料需求最高且肉质影响最显着的育肥期。本研究调查了在 3 个月内用南极磷虾粉 (KM, 12%) 替代异蛋白 (35%) 和异脂 (35%) 低鱼粉日粮 (FM, 15%) 的效果，并在 2·3 公斤鲑鱼（一式四份）中生长海笼/饮食）。最终体重（3·9（瑟0·04) kg) 在饮食组中相似，但 KM 组的体型更大，心脏更瘦，鱼片的完整性、硬度和颜色得到改善。仅在 FM 组中检测到异位上皮细胞和肠道局灶性 Ca 沉积物。通过肝脏微阵列进行的转录组分析显示饮食对几种免疫基因有影响，并且在 KM 组中，一组结构基因上调，包括钙粘蛋白和连接蛋白。编码肌球蛋白重链蛋白的基因上调是骨骼肌中的主要发现。扫描电子显微镜的形态学检查和傅里叶变换红外光谱的二级结构揭示了 KM 组的更有序和稳定的胶原结构。骨骼肌的 NEFA 成分表明代谢改变n-3,n-6 和 KM 组的 SFA。结果表明，大西洋鲑鱼饲喂磷虾粉改善健康和肉质与上调免疫基因、定义肌肉特性的蛋白质和参与细胞接触和粘附的基因、改变脂肪酸代谢和脂肪沉积以及改善肠道健康有关和胶原蛋白结构。