Five Korean blueberries (’’Nelson’’, ’’Duke ’’, ’’Bluejay ’’, ’’Toro’’, and ’’Elliot ’’) were harvested at two maturity stages (unripe and ripe) to evaluate fruit quality and antioxidant activities. The Hunter L, a, and b color of ripe blueberries was lower than that of unripe fruit. Soluble solid concentration (SSC) and pH increased, and titratable acidity (TA) and firmness decreased as the blueberries matured. The ripe blueberry fruits showed a higher SSC/TA ratio than the unripe fruits. Although total anthocyanin, flavonoids, phenolics content, and antioxidant activity were higher in ripe blueberries than in unripe fruit, the unripe fruit had higher acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibition activities than ripe fruit in all cultivars. Total antioxidant activity was highly correlated with total flavonoids and phenolics. The relationships between the total antioxidant activity and the AChE or BChE inhibitory activity are negative. There were several physicochemical quality and antioxidant activity differences in blueberries, depending on the cultivar and the maturity at harvest. Unripe fruits also contain potential health-promoting bioactive compounds as functional food ingredients.

中文翻译：

---

评估未成熟和成熟蓝莓果实之间的理化质量，抗氧化剂含量和活性以及对胆碱酯酶的抑制作用。

在两个成熟阶段（未熟和成熟）收获了五个韩国蓝莓（“ Nelson”，“ Duke”，“ Bluejay”，“ Toro”和“ Elliot”），以评估水果质量和抗氧化活性。成熟蓝莓的Hunter L，a和b颜色低于未成熟的水果。随着蓝莓的成熟，可溶性固形物浓度（SSC）和pH值增加，可滴定酸度（TA）和硬度降低。成熟的蓝莓果实显示出比未成熟的果实更高的SSC / TA比。尽管成熟蓝莓中的总花青素，类黄酮，酚类含量和抗氧化活性高于未成熟果实，但在所有品种中，未成熟果实均具有比成熟果实更高的乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）和丁酰胆碱酯酶（BChE）抑制活性。总抗氧化剂活性与总黄酮和酚类物质高度相关。总抗氧化剂活性与AChE或BChE抑制活性之间的关系为负。蓝莓的几个物理化学质量和抗氧化活性存在差异，具体取决于品种和收获时的成熟度。未成熟的水果还含有潜在的促进健康的生物活性化合物，作为功能性食品成分。