Acute and chronic mental stress are both linked to somatic and psychiatric morbidity, however, the neurobiological pathways of these associations are still not fully elucidated. Mental stress is known to be immunomodulatory, which is one of the basic concepts of psychoneuroimmunology. In the present study, neurotransmitter precursor amino acid levels and derived biogenic amines were analyzed prior to and at 0, 30 and 60 minutes following an acute mental stress test (with/without chronic mental stress) in 53 healthy subjects. Psychometric measurements of mental stress, depression and anxiety were collected. Kynurenine/tryptophan was influenced by the factor acute mental stress (KYN/TRP increase), no influence of the factor chronic mental stress or any interaction was found. Phenylalanine/tyrosine was influenced by the factor acute mental stress (PHE/TYR increase) as well as by chronic mental stress (PHE/TYR decrease). Interactions were not significant. KYN/TRP correlated with state anxiety values, while PHE/TYR correlated negatively with chronic stress parameters. Kynurenic acid was significantly reduced in the acute and quinolinic acid in the chronic mental stress condition. In conclusion, neurotransmitter precursor amino acid levels and derived biogenic amines are influenced by acute and chronic mental stress. Mechanisms beyond direct immunological responses may be relevant for the modulation of neurotransmitter metabolism such as effects on enzyme function through cofactor availability or stress hormones.

中文翻译：

---

急性和慢性精神应激都会影响神经递质前体氨基酸和衍生的生物胺的水平。

急性和慢性精神压力均与躯体和精神病的发病率有关，但是，这些关联的神经生物学途径仍未完全阐明。已知精神压力具有免疫调节作用，这是心理神经免疫学的基本概念之一。在本研究中，在53名健康受试者的急性精神压力测试（有/无慢性精神压力）之前和之后0、30和60分钟分析了神经递质前体氨基酸水平和衍生的生物胺。收集精神压力，抑郁和焦虑的心理测量值。Kynurenine /色氨酸受急性精神压力因素（KYN / TRP增加）的影响，未发现慢性精神压力因素的影响或发现任何相互作用。苯丙氨酸/酪氨酸受急性精神压力（PHE / TYR升高）和慢性精神压力（PHE / TYR降低）的影响。交互作用不明显。KYN / TRP与状态焦虑值相关，而PHE / TYR与慢性应激参数负相关。在慢性精神压力状态下，急性尿酸中的犬尿酸和喹啉酸均显着降低。总之，神经递质前体氨基酸水平和衍生的生物胺受急性和慢性精神压力的影响。直接免疫反应以外的机制可能与神经递质代谢的调节有关，例如通过辅助因子的利用或应激激素对酶功能的影响。KYN / TRP与状态焦虑值相关，而PHE / TYR与慢性应激参数负相关。在慢性精神压力状态下，急性尿酸中的犬尿酸和喹啉酸均显着降低。总之，神经递质前体氨基酸水平和衍生的生物胺受急性和慢性精神压力的影响。直接免疫反应以外的机制可能与神经递质代谢的调节有关，例如通过辅助因子的利用或应激激素对酶功能的影响。KYN / TRP与状态焦虑值相关，而PHE / TYR与慢性应激参数负相关。在慢性精神压力状态下，急性尿酸中的犬尿酸和喹啉酸均显着降低。总之，神经递质前体氨基酸水平和衍生的生物胺受急性和慢性精神压力的影响。直接免疫反应以外的机制可能与神经递质代谢的调节有关，例如通过辅助因子的利用或应激激素对酶功能的影响。神经递质前体氨基酸水平和衍生的生物胺受急性和慢性精神压力的影响。直接免疫反应以外的机制可能与神经递质代谢的调节有关，例如通过辅助因子的利用或应激激素对酶功能的影响。神经递质前体氨基酸水平和衍生的生物胺受急性和慢性精神压力的影响。直接免疫反应以外的机制可能与神经递质代谢的调节有关，例如通过辅助因子的利用或应激激素对酶功能的影响。