To understand soil erosion processes, it is vital to know how the weather types and atmospheric situations, and their distribution throughout the year, affect the soil erosion rates. This will allow for the development of efficient land management practices to mitigate water-induced soil losses. Vineyards are one of the cultivated areas susceptible to high soil erosion rates. However, there is a lack of studies that link weather types and atmospheric conditions to soil erosion responses in viticultural areas. Thus, the main aim of this research is to assess the impacts of weather types and atmospheric conditions on soil erosion processes in a conventional vineyard with tillage in eastern Spain. To achieve this goal, rainfall events from 2006 to 2017 were monitored and the associated runoff and soil loss were collected from experimental plots. Our results showed that the highest volume of runoff and soil erosion is linked to rainfall associated with the eastern winds that accounted for 59.7% of runoff and 63.9% of soil loss, while cold drops in the atmospheric situation classifications emerged as the highest contributor of 40.9% in runoff and 44.1% in soil loss. This paper provides new insights into the development of soil erosion control measures that help to mitigate the negative impact of extreme rainfall and runoff considering atmospheric conditions.

中文翻译：

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西班牙东部“ Celler del Roure”实验研究的天气类型对葡萄园土壤侵蚀率的影响

要了解水土流失的过程，至关重要的是要了解天气类型和大气状况及其全年分布如何影响水土流失率。这将有助于发展有效的土地管理措施，以减轻水源性土壤流失。葡萄园是容易遭受高水土流失的耕地之一。但是，缺乏将气候类型和大气条件与葡萄栽培区土壤侵蚀反应联系起来的研究。因此，这项研究的主要目的是评估天气类型和大气条件对西班牙东部传统耕作葡萄园中土壤侵蚀过程的影响。为了实现这一目标，监测了2006年至2017年的降雨事件，并从实验区收集了相关的径流和土壤流失。我们的结果表明，径流和土壤侵蚀的最大量与降雨相关，而东部风占降雨的比例占径流的59.7％和土壤流失的63.9％，而大气状况分类中的冷滴占40.9的最大贡献径流百分比和土壤流失44.1％。本文为土壤侵蚀控制措施的发展提供了新见解，这些措施有助于减轻考虑到大气条件的极端降雨和径流的负面影响。