The impact of drought stress on tripartite plant‐pathogen‐vector interactions constitutes a complex and largely understudied field of plant‐insect interaction. A number of studies explored these topics using aphid vectors of plant pathogens, but few have considered the interactions between drought‐stressed plants and pathogen‐transmitting psyllids. The potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae), is one of the key pests of solanaceous crops in the USA that causes direct injury as well as indirect injury through transmission of a bacterial pathogen, Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (Lso), the causal agent of zebra chip. Previous studies explored the impact of Lso infection and drought stress on B. cockerelli development and reproductive rate separately, but no research to date has evaluated whether drought stress and Lso infection alter feeding behavior of the insects. We explored this using the electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique and monitored feeding behavior of Lso‐infected and uninfected potato psyllids on well‐watered and drought‐stressed tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L., Solanaceae). We found that drought stress had a significant effect on feeding behavior associated with salivation into the phloem and phloem ingestion, both linked to Lso transmission. Furthermore, infected potato psyllids in particular produced a higher number of events associated with these feeding behaviors and remained in these phases longer in well‐watered plants than in plants that were under drought stress. We also reported a new and previously undescribed waveform H of unknown biological function that was produced by the psyllids. This is the first study that considered the impact of bacterial infection and concomitant drought stress on feeding behavior of an insect quantified using EPG.

中文翻译：

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干旱胁迫和病原体感染改变植物病原体载体的摄食行为

干旱胁迫对植物-病原体-载体三方相互作用的影响构成了植物-昆虫相互作用的复杂且在很大程度上未得到充分研究的领域。许多研究使用植物病原体的蚜虫载体探索了这些主题，但很少有人考虑干旱胁迫的植物与病原体传播木虱之间的相互作用。马铃薯木虱 Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc)（半翅目：Triozidae）是美国茄科作物的主要害虫之一，通过细菌病原体 Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (Lso) 的传播造成直接伤害和间接伤害，斑马芯片的病原体。以前的研究分别探讨了 Lso 感染和干旱胁迫对 B. cockerelli 发育和繁殖率的影响，但迄今为止还没有研究评估干旱胁迫和 Lso 感染是否会改变昆虫的摄食行为。我们使用电穿透图 (EPG) 技术对此进行了探索，并监测了 Lso 感染和未感染的马铃薯木虱在浇水充足和干旱胁迫的番茄（Solanum lycopersicum L.，Solanaceae）上的摄食行为。我们发现干旱胁迫对与唾液分泌到韧皮部和韧皮部摄入相关的摄食行为有显着影响，两者都与 Lso 传播有关。此外，受感染的马铃薯木虱尤其会产生更多与这些摄食行为相关的事件，并且在浇水良好的植物中比在干旱胁迫下的植物中保持这些阶段的时间更长。我们还报告了木虱产生的未知生物功能的新的和以前未描述的波形 H。这是第一项考虑细菌感染和伴随的干旱胁迫对使用 EPG 量化的昆虫摄食行为的影响的研究。