The paper focuses on analysis of macro‐ and micromorphological characteristics of relict slope deposits in Serra da Estrela (Portugal) to understand the significance of different slope processes and paleoenvironmental settings. Micromorphology is a useful sedimentology technique allowing significant advances compared to macroscopic techniques. Results show that different processes are involved in the development of the slope deposits, reflecting different environmental conditions. The main processes responsible for the emplacement of the relict slope deposits are solifluction, debris‐flow and runoff, but postdepositional changes are also present. Solifluction was identified in slope deposits between 650 and 1500 m a.s.l. The common microfeatures identified are circular arrangement of grains with a core grain, rounded vesicles, vertical grains, matrix deformations and fine‐grained deposits. Slope deposits above 1300 m a.s.l have a platy microstructure and coincide with the altitudinal range of the relict rock glaciers, indicating the elevation limit of permafrost. Below this altitude platy microstructures are less frequent. Slope deposits in north‐facing slopes were affected by frost‐induced processes in a seasonal frost regime, followed by a postdeposition illuvial phase. Debris‐flow and runoff were identified in slope deposits between 680 and 1260 m a.s.l. The common microfeatures are oblique grains, grain dumps, and coarse and fine grain lineations, and banded microstructures were identified in runoff processes. Debris‐flow deposits have a circular arrangement of grains without a core grain, identified in sediments in paraglacial and periglacial environments. The slope deposits show evidence of past periods of enhanced periglacial activity since the last glaciation until the Younger Dryas. (Less)

中文翻译：

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从残余斜坡沉积物的微形态分析重建寒冷气候古环境（Serra da Estrela，葡萄牙中部）

本文重点分析了Serra da Estrela（葡萄牙）残存斜坡沉积物的宏观和微观形态特征，以了解不同斜坡过程和古环境背景的意义。微观形态学是一种有用的沉积学技术，与宏观技术相比，它具有显着的进步。结果表明，斜坡沉积物的发育涉及不同的过程，反映了不同的环境条件。造成残坡沉积就位的主要过程是溶积、泥石流和径流，但也存在沉积后变化。在 650 到 1500 m asl 之间的斜坡沉积物中发现了流体流动 确定的常见微观特征是具有核心颗粒的圆形排列的颗粒、圆形囊泡、垂直颗粒、基体变形和细粒沉积物。海拔1300米以上的斜坡沉积物呈板状微结构，与残岩冰川的海拔范围重合，表明了多年冻土的海拔极限。在这个高度以下，板状微结构不太常见。朝北斜坡的斜坡沉积物在季节性霜冻状态下受到霜冻诱导过程的影响，然后是沉积后的冲积期。在 680~1260 m asl 的斜坡沉积物中识别出碎屑流和径流 常见的微观特征是倾斜的颗粒、颗粒堆积和粗细纹路，并且在径流过程中识别出带状微观结构。碎屑流沉积物具有圆形排列的颗粒，没有核心颗粒，在冰缘和冰缘环境的沉积物中发现。斜坡沉积物显示出自上次冰期到新仙女木时期冰缘活动增强的过去时期的证据。（较少的）