Abstract Partial discharges are a type of electric discharge that cause localized breakdowns in a small portion of an insulating material without forming a complete rupture. In high power electric machines as well as in transmission lines, partial discharges are caused by the degradation and/or the presence of defects in the insulation. The damage caused by the partial discharges can be either thermal, mechanical or chemical and can cause progressive deterioration of the insulation and lead to catastrophic failure causing serious safety risks. In this work a Distributed Optical Fiber Sensor System (DOFS) for vibration measurements based on Sagnac interferometry is proposed. This system uses acoustic wave emission phenomena to detect and locate electric discharges in electric machines and insulated electrical cables. Two experiments were carried out evaluating the performance of the system. Electric discharges were measured firstly over a conductive board with an attached 10 m long flat-coiled optical fiber sensor and secondly, over a 1.20 m long electrical cable with an optical fiber sensor longitudinally attached to it. Results demonstrate that due to the high sensitivity of the system it is possible to detect partial discharges in both proposed experiments. This effect is observed even with a theoretical fiber optical sensing spatial resolution of approximately 50 m.

中文翻译：

---

使用分布式光纤振动传感器进行放电检测和定位

摘要 局部放电是一种在绝缘材料的一小部分引起局部击穿而不形成完全破裂的放电类型。在大功率电机以及传输线中，局部放电是由绝缘退化和/或存在缺陷引起的。局部放电造成的损坏可以是热的、机械的或化学的，并且会导致绝缘逐渐退化并导致灾难性故障，从而造成严重的安全风险。在这项工作中，提出了一种基于 Sagnac 干涉测量法的用于振动测量的分布式光纤传感器系统 (DOFS)。该系统使用声波发射现象来检测和定位电机和绝缘电缆中的放电。进行了两个实验来评估系统的性能。首先在带有连接的 10 m 长扁平线圈光纤传感器的导电板上测量放电，其次，在带有纵向连接的光纤传感器的 1.20 m 长电缆上测量放电。结果表明，由于系统的高灵敏度，可以在两个提议的实验中检测局部放电。即使使用大约 50 m 的理论光纤传感空间分辨率也观察到这种效应。结果表明，由于系统的高灵敏度，可以在两个提议的实验中检测局部放电。即使使用大约 50 m 的理论光纤传感空间分辨率也观察到这种效应。结果表明，由于系统的高灵敏度，可以在两个提议的实验中检测局部放电。即使使用大约 50 m 的理论光纤传感空间分辨率也观察到这种效应。