The International Space Station (ISS) has continued to evolve from an operational perspective and multiple studies have monitored both stress and the immune system of ISS astronauts. Alterations were ascribed to a potentially synergistic array of factors, including microgravity, radiation, psychological stress, and circadian misalignment. Comparing similar data across 12 years of ISS construction and operations, we report that immunity, stress, and the reactivation of latent herpesviruses have all improved in ISS astronauts. Major physiological improvements seem to have initiated approximately 2012, a period coinciding with improvements onboard ISS including cargo delivery and resupply frequency, personal communication, exercise equipment and protocols, food quality and variety, nutritional supplementation, and schedule management. We conclude that spaceflight associated immune dysregulation has been positively influenced by operational improvements and biomedical countermeasures onboard ISS. Although an operational challenge, agencies should therefore incorporate, within vehicle design limitations, these dietary, operational, and stress-relieving countermeasures into deep space mission planning. Specific countermeasures that have benefited astronauts could serve as a therapy augment for terrestrial acquired immunodeficiency patients.

从操作的角度来看，国际空间站（ISS）一直在不断发展，多项研究已经监测了ISS宇航员的压力和免疫系统。改变归因于一系列潜在的协同因素，包括微重力，辐射，心理压力和昼夜节律失调。比较ISS在12年的建造和运营过程中的类似数据，我们报告说，ISS宇航员的免疫力，压力和潜伏性疱疹病毒的重新激活都得到了改善。大约在2012年左右开始了重大的生理改善，这一时期与国际空间站上的改善相吻合，包括货运和补给频率，个人通讯，锻炼设备和规程，食品质量和品种，营养补充和时间表管理。我们得出的结论是，与空间飞行相关的免疫失调已受到国际空间站上的操作改进和生物医学对策的积极影响。尽管存在作战挑战，但各机构因此应在车辆设计限制范围内将这些饮食，作战和缓解压力的措施纳入深空任务计划。使宇航员受益的特定对策可以作为陆上获得性免疫缺陷患者的治疗手段。和减轻深空任务计划压力的对策。使宇航员受益的特定对策可以作为陆上获得性免疫缺陷患者的治疗手段。和减轻深空任务计划压力的对策。使宇航员受益的特定对策可以作为陆上获得性免疫缺陷患者的治疗手段。