In most retinal diseases, neuronal loss is the main cause of vision loss. Neuroprotection is the alteration of neurons and/or their environment to encourage the survival and function of the neurons, especially in environments that are deleterious to the neuronal health. The area of neuroprotection progresses with a therapeutically-based hope of improving vision and clinical outcomes for patients through the developments in neurotrophic therapy, antioxidative therapy, anti-excitotoxic, anti-ischemic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic care. In this review, we summarize the various neuroprotection strategies for the treatment of glaucoma, genetics of glaucoma and the role of various nanoplatforms in the treatment of glaucoma.

在大多数视网膜疾病中，神经元丧失是视力丧失的主要原因。神经保护是神经元和/或其环境的改变，以鼓励神经元的存活和功能，特别是在对神经元健康有害的环境中。通过神经营养疗法，抗氧化疗法，抗兴奋剂，抗缺血，抗炎和抗凋亡治疗的发展，神经保护领域以基于治疗的希望得以改善，以改善患者的视力和临床结果。在这篇综述中，我们总结了治疗青光眼的各种神经保护策略，青光眼的遗传学以及各种纳米平台在青光眼治疗中的作用。