Dendritic cells (DCs) are a heterogeneous population of antigen-presenting cells that act to bridge innate and adaptive immunity. DCs are critical in mounting effective immune responses to tissue damage, pathogens and cancer. Immature DCs continuously sample tissues and engulf antigens via endocytic pathways such as phagocytosis or macropinocytosis, which result in DC activation. Activated DCs undergo a maturation process by downregulating endocytosis and upregulating surface proteins controlling migration to lymphoid tissues where DC-mediated antigen presentation initiates adaptive immune responses. To traffic to lymphoid tissues, DCs must adapt their motility mechanisms to migrate within a wide variety of tissue types and cross barriers to enter lymphatics. All steps of DC migration involve cell–cell or cell–substrate interactions. This review discusses DC migration mechanisms in immunity and cancer with a focus on the role of cytoskeletal processes and cell surface proteins, including integrins, lectins and tetraspanins. Understanding the adapting molecular mechanisms controlling DC migration in immunity provides the basis for therapeutic interventions to dampen immune activation in autoimmunity, or to improve anti-tumour immune responses.

中文翻译：

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免疫和癌症中树突状细胞迁移的分子机制。


树突状细胞 (DC) 是抗原呈递细胞的异质群体，其作用是连接先天免疫和适应性免疫。 DC 对组织损伤、病原体和癌症产生有效的免疫反应至关重要。未成熟的 DC 持续取样组织并通过吞噬作用或巨胞饮作用等内吞途径吞噬抗原，从而导致 DC 激活。活化的树突状细胞通过下调内吞作用和上调表面蛋白来控制向淋巴组织的迁移，从而经历成熟过程，在淋巴组织中，树突状细胞介导的抗原呈递启动适应性免疫反应。为了运输至淋巴组织，树突状细胞必须调整其运动机制，以在多种组织类型内迁移并跨越屏障进入淋巴管。 DC 迁移的所有步骤都涉及细胞与细胞或细胞与基质的相互作用。这篇综述讨论了 DC 在免疫和癌症中的迁移机制，重点关注细胞骨架过程和细胞表面蛋白（包括整合素、凝集素和四跨膜蛋白）的作用。了解免疫中控制 DC 迁移的适应分子机制为抑制自身免疫中的免疫激活或改善抗肿瘤免疫反应的治疗干预奠定了基础。