Male-produced pheromone components have been reported in the Asian longhorn beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), but field attraction to these components has been less than overwhelming. Female ALBs were observed rhythmically extending the genitalia in a manner reminiscent of female calling behaviors in other cerambycid species. We thus hypothesized that female ALBs release volatile pheromone while performing this sex-specific behavior. A group of sesquiterpenes, including a major compound α-longipinene and several minor ones α-cubebene, α-ylangene, (−)-α-copaene, α-bergamotene, β-caryophyllene, and α-farnesene, found in genitalia extracts from virgin females elicited male antennal responses. Y-tube olfactometer assays indicated significant attraction of α-longipinene to both sexes in either the presence or absence of host volatiles. This compound was also detected in genitalia extracts from virgin males, though in much lower quantities than in females. Dose–response experiments conducted in the y-tube olfactometer and field both revealed that α-longipinene was attractive at the higher doses, but not at the lower ones. In the field, traps baited with a blend containing α-longipinene, α-cubebene, and β-caryophyllene captured significantly more ALB than solvent controls. The trap catches of α-longipinene combined with either the minor components or host compounds were both greater than those of α-longipinene alone, but the difference was not significant. These results indicate that α-longipinene is a new type of female-produced volatile pheromone in ALB, and the attraction may be synergistically enhanced by several minor components. Sesquiterpenes may play an important role in intraspecies chemical communication of this insect.

中文翻译：

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在破坏性入侵物种中鉴定出女性产生的信息素：亚洲长角甲虫，无鞭金龟（Anoplophora glabripennis）

在亚洲长角甲虫Anoplophora glabripennis中已报告了雄性产生的信息素成分。 （Motschulsky）（鞘翅目：Cerambycidae），但是对这些成分的田间吸引力还不足以压倒。观察到雌性ALB有节奏地延伸生殖器，其方式使人联想到其他cerambycid物种中的雌性召唤行为。因此，我们假设女性ALBs在执行这种性别特定行为时会释放挥发性信息素。一组倍半萜烯，包括一种主要化合物α-长萜烯和几个次要化合物α-立方烯，α-ylangene，（-）-α-copaene，α-佛手柑，β-石竹烯和α-法呢烯，见于来自生殖器官的原始女性引起男性触角反应。Y-管嗅觉测定法表明，在存在或不存在宿主挥发物的情况下，α-longipinene均显着吸引男女。在未成年人的生殖器提取物中也检测到该化合物，尽管数量要比女性少得多。在y管嗅觉仪和野外进行的剂量反应实验均表明，高剂量的α-longipinene具有吸引力，而低剂量的α-longipinene却没有。在野外，诱捕器诱集的含有α-longipinene，α-cubbene和β-caryophyllene的混合物比溶剂对照组捕获到更多的ALB。结合了次要成分或主体化合物的α-longipinene的捕集阱均大于单独的α-longipinene的捕集阱，但差异不显着。这些结果表明，α-longipinene是ALB中女性产生的一种新型挥发性信息素，其吸引力可能由几个次要成分协同增强。倍半萜可能在这种昆虫的种内化学通讯中起重要作用。