BackgroundIt remains poorly understood how negative symptoms are experienced in the daily lives of individuals in the early stages of psychosis. We aimed to investigate whether altered affective experience, anhedonia, social anhedonia, and asociality were more pronounced in individuals with an at-risk mental state for psychosis (ARMS) and individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP) than in controls.MethodsWe used the experience sampling methodology (ESM) to assess negative symptoms, as they occurred in the daily life of 51 individuals with FEP and 46 ARMS, compared with 53 controls.ResultsMultilevel linear regression analyses showed no overall evidence for a blunting of affective experience. There was some evidence for anhedonia in FEP but not in ARMS, as shown by a smaller increase of positive affect (BΔat−risk v. FEP = 0.08, p = 0.006) as the pleasantness of activities increased. Against our expectations, no evidence was found for greater social anhedonia in any group. FEP were more often alone (57%) than ARMS (38%) and controls (35%) but appraisals of the social situation did not point to asociality.ConclusionsOverall, altered affective experience, anhedonia, social anhedonia and asociality seem to play less of a role in the daily life of individuals in the early stages of psychosis than previously assumed. With the experience of affect and pleasure in daily life being largely intact, changing social situations and appraisals thereof should be further investigated to prevent development or deterioration of negative symptoms.

中文翻译：

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阐明精神病早期阶段个体日常生活中的阴性症状

背景人们对于精神病早期阶段的个体在日常生活中如何经历阴性症状仍知之甚少。我们的目的是调查精神病高危精神状态 (ARMS) 和首发精神病 (FEP) 患者的情感体验改变、快感缺失、社交快感缺乏和不社交是否比对照组更明显。我们使用经验抽样方法 (ESM) 来评估阴性症状，这些症状发生在 51 名 FEP 患者和 46 名 ARMS 患者的日常生活中，并与 53 名对照者进行比较。结果多级线性回归分析显示，没有总体证据表明情感体验减弱。有一些证据表明 FEP 中存在快感缺失，但 ARMS 中则没有，如积极情绪增加较小所示（乙Δ有风险v.聚全氟乙丙烯= 0.08,p= 0.006）随着活动的愉快程度增加。与我们的预期相反，没有发现任何证据表明任何群体有更大的社交快感缺失。FEP 比 ARMS（38%）和对照组（35%）更经常独处（57%），但对社交状况的评估并未表明不社交。结论总体而言，情感体验改变、快感缺乏、社交快感缺乏和不社交似乎不太重要。在精神病早期阶段的个体日常生活中所起的作用比以前想象的要大。由于日常生活中的情感和愉悦体验基本完好，因此应进一步研究不断变化的社会状况及其评价，以防止阴性症状的发展或恶化。