Primordial black holes (PBHs) might have formed in the early Universe due to the collapse of density fluctuations. PBHs may act as the sources for some of the gravitational waves recently observed. We explored the formation scenarios of PBHs of stellar mass, taking into account the possible influence of the QCD phase transition, for which we considered three different models: crossover model, bag model, and lattice fit model. For the fluctuations, we considered a running-tilt power-law spectrum; when these cross the ∼10^−9–10^−1 s Universe horizon they originate 0.05–500 M_⊙ PBHs that could (i) provide a population of stellar mass PBHs similar to the ones present on the binaries associated with all-known gravitational wave sources and (ii) constitute a broad-mass spectrum accounting for |${\sim}76{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$| of all cold dark matter in the Universe.

中文翻译：

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作为冷暗物质的恒星质量原始黑洞

由于密度波动的崩溃，原始黑洞（PBH）可能在早期宇宙中形成。PBH 可能是最近观测到的一些引力波的来源。我们探讨了恒星质量 PBH 的形成场景，考虑到 QCD 相变的可能影响，为此我们考虑了三种不同的模型：交叉模型、袋模型和格子拟合模型。对于波动，我们考虑了运行倾斜幂律谱；当它们穿过 ∼10^−9–10^−1 s 宇宙视界时，它们起源于 0。05-500 M_⊙ PBHs，可以（i）提供与所有已知引力波源相关联的双星上存在的恒星质量PBHs相似的群体，以及（ii）构成一个广泛的质谱解释|${\ sim}76{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$| 宇宙中所有冷暗物质。