The dynamics of 32 active substances contained in pesticide formulations (15 fungicides and 17 insecticides) were analyzed in iceberg lettuce, onion, leek, carrot, and parsley. Pesticide residues were monitored from the time of application until harvest. In total, 114 mathematical models of residue dissipation were developed using a first-order kinetic equation. Based on these models, it was possible to predict the action pre-harvest interval (the time between the last pesticide application and crop harvest) needed to attain a targeted action threshold (value significantly lower than the maximum limit) for low-residue vegetable production. In addition, it was possible to determine an action pre-harvest interval based on an action threshold of 0.01 mg kg⁻¹ to produce vegetables intended for zero-residue production. The highest amount of pesticide residues were found in carrot and parsley leaves several days after treatment, and pesticide dissipation was generally slow. Lower amounts were found in leeks and lettuce, but pesticide dissipation was faster in lettuce. According to our findings, it seems feasible to apply reduced pesticide amounts to stay below unwanted residue levels. However, understanding the effectivity of reduced pesticide application for controlling relevant pest organisms requires further research.

中文翻译：

---

生菜、洋葱、韭葱、胡萝卜和欧芹中农药残留动态评价。


对卷心生菜、洋葱、韭菜、胡萝卜和欧芹中农药制剂中所含 32 种活性物质（15 种杀菌剂和 17 种杀虫剂）的动态进行了分析。从施用到收获期间都对农药残留进行监测。使用一阶动力学方程总共开发了 114 个残余物耗散数学模型。基于这些模型，可以预测低残留蔬菜生产达到目标行动阈值（远低于最大限值）所需的收获前行动间隔（最后一次施用农药与作物收获之间的时间） 。此外，可以基于0.01 mg kg ^-1的作用阈值确定作用收获前间隔，以生产用于零残留生产的蔬菜。处理后几天，胡萝卜和欧芹叶中农药残留量最高，且农药消散速度普遍较慢。韭菜和生菜中的农药残留量较低，但生菜中的农药消散速度更快。根据我们的研究结果，减少农药用量以保持在不需要的残留水平以下似乎是可行的。然而，了解减少农药施用对控制相关害虫生物的有效性还需要进一步研究。