The long‐term effects of increased temperatures on sediment fluxes in cold regions remain poorly investigated. Here, we examined the multidecadal changes in runoff and sediment fluxes in the Tuotuohe River, a headwater river of the Yangtze River on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). The sediment fluxes and runoff increased at rates of 0.03 ± 0.01 Mt/yr (5.9 ± 1.9%/yr) and 0.025 ± 0.007 × km³/yr (3.5 ± 1.0%/yr) from 1985 to 2016, with net increases of 135% and 78% from 1985–1997 to 1998–2016, respectively. The increases are primarily due to warming temperature (+1.44°C) and intensified glacier‐snow‐permafrost melting, with enhanced precipitation (+30%) as a secondary cause. Sediment fluxes are much more susceptible to climate warming than runoff in this undisturbed cold environment. The substantially increased sediment fluxes from the headwater region could threaten the numerous constructed reservoirs and influence the aquatic ecosystems of the TP and its marginal areas.

中文翻译：

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响应全球变暖，青藏高原上游水域的水和泥沙通量大量增加

温度升高对寒冷地区沉积物通量的长期影响仍未得到很好的研究。在这里，我们研究了青藏高原长江源头河uo河的径流和泥沙通量的多年代变化。泥沙通量和径流量以0.03±0.01 Mt / yr（5.9±1.9％/ yr）和0.025±0.007×km ^3的速率增加/年（1985年至2016年）（3.5±1.0％/年），从1985-1997年至1998-2016年分别净增长135％和78％。增长主要是由于温度升高（+ 1.44°C）和冰川雪永久冻土融化加剧，而降水增加（+ 30％）是次要原因。在这种不受干扰的寒冷环境中，泥沙通量比径流更容易受到气候变暖的影响。来自上游源头地区的沉积物通量的大幅增加可能威胁到大量人工修建的水库，并影响到TP及其边缘地区的水生生态系统。