Increasing post‐release survival of discarded fishes is a critical challenge to the development of effective conservation and management strategies for a multitude of commercial and recreational fisheries. Among reef fishes, this challenge is further complicated by pressure‐related injuries collectively known as barotrauma. Left alone, these injuries are often fatal. Tactics to mitigate the adverse effects of barotrauma, including piercing an expanded swim bladder to release trapped gas (venting) and using a specially designed device to return a fish to the depth of capture (descending), have been well‐described and readily adopted by regulatory agencies as best practices. Recently, the South Atlantic Fishery Management Council enacted a rule requiring anglers targeting species in the snapper grouper fishery management unit to be equipped with descender devices (SAFMC 2020), and similar regulations are anticipated for the Gulf of Mexico (GoM; AFS 2020). However, since enforcement is unfeasible, simply requiring possession of descender devices does not guarantee their use. Consequently, any potential benefits resulting from these rules rely completely on anglers embracing the use of descender devices, which will only happen if anglers truly believe that these devices increase post‐release survival. A recent study suggests that anglers in the southern Atlantic who routinely use descender devices are willing to formally adopt them as a conservation strategy (Curtis et al. 2019); however, additional factors like predation influence the actual and perceived survival of descended fishes, yet remain poorly understood.

中文翻译：

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降级设备或治疗系绳：减轻气压伤是否会增加被掠夺的机会？

丢弃鱼的释放后生存期的增加，对于为众多商业和休闲渔业制定有效的养护和管理策略是一项严峻的挑战。在礁鱼中，与压力有关的伤害（统称为气压伤）使这一挑战更加复杂。放任不管，这些伤害往往是致命的。减轻气压伤病不利影响的策略已被充分描述并易于采用，这些策略包括刺穿膨胀的泳囊以释放被捕集的气体（放空）以及使用专门设计的装置将鱼放回捕获深度（下降）。监管机构的最佳做法。最近，南大西洋渔业管理委员会制定了一项规则，要求在鲷鱼石斑鱼捕捞管理单位中针对垂钓物种的垂钓者必须配备下降装置（SAFMC 2020），并且预计墨西哥湾也会有类似规定（GoM； AFS 2020）。但是，由于强制实施是不可行的，因此仅要求拥有下降器设备并不能保证其使用。因此，由这些规则产生的任何潜在利益都完全取决于垂钓者拥抱下降器设备的使用，只有垂钓者真正相信这些设备可以提高释放后的生存率，才会发生这种情况。最近的一项研究表明，经常使用下降装置的大西洋南部的垂钓者愿意正式采用它们作为保护策略（Curtis等人2019）; 然而，