This study aimed to evaluate the in vivo anticancer effects of daucosterol which was earlier reported to possess in vitro anticancer effects. Breast tumor was induced in 30 rats using the environmental carcinogen 7,12‐dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) while 6 control rats received olive oil (NOR). Animals with palpable tumors were randomized into five groups (n = 6) each as follows: negative control group treated with the vehicle (DMBA); positive control group treated with 5 mg/kg BW doxorubicin (DOXO + DMBA); three groups treated with daucosterol at doses of 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg BW (DAU + DMBA). Treatment lasted 28 days afterward, tumor (mass, volume, cancer antigen [CA] 15‐3 level and histoarchitecture), hematological and toxicological parameters were examined. The tumor volume gradually increased in the DMBA group during the 28 days, with a tumor volume gain of ∼390 cm3. Daucosterol at all doses reduced tumor volume (∼133.7 cm3 at 10 mg/kg) as well as protein, malondialdehyde (MDA), and CA 15‐3 levels compared to DMBA rats. Tumor sections in daucosterol‐treated rats showed a lower proliferation of mammary ducts with mild (5 and 10 mg/kg) to moderate (2.5 mg/kg) inflammatory responses. Moreover, it exhibited an antioxidant effect, evidenced by a significant and dose‐dependent decreased in MDA levels, as well as an increase in catalase activity compared to the DMBA group. Daucosterol showed for the first time in vivo antitumor effects that corroborate its previous in vitro effects.

中文翻译：

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来自 Crateva adansonii DC（Capparaceae）的豆蔻甾醇减少了 Wistar 大鼠中 7,12-二甲基苯（a）蒽诱导的乳腺肿瘤

本研究旨在评估早先报道具有体外抗癌作用的豆蔻甾醇的体内抗癌作用。使用环境致癌物 7,12-二甲基苯（a）蒽 (DMBA) 在 30 只大鼠中诱导了乳腺肿瘤，而 6 只对照大鼠接受了橄榄油 (NOR)。具有可触及肿瘤的动物被随机分为五组（n = 6），每组如下：用载体（DMBA）治疗的阴性对照组；阳性对照组用5 mg/kg BW多柔比星（DOXO + DMBA）处理；三组以 2.5、5 和 10 mg/kg BW (DAU + DMBA) 的剂量使用豆蔻甾醇治疗。治疗持续 28 天后，检查肿瘤（质量、体积、癌抗原 [CA] 15-3 水平和组织结构）、血液学和毒理学参数。DMBA组肿瘤体积在28天内逐渐增大，肿瘤体积增益约为 390 cm3。与 DMBA 大鼠相比，所有剂量的豆蔻甾醇都能减少肿瘤体积（10 mg/kg 时约为 133.7 cm3）以及蛋白质、丙二醛 (MDA) 和 CA 15-3 水平。胡萝卜素治疗大鼠的肿瘤切片显示乳腺导管增殖较低，具有轻度（5 和 10 毫克/千克）至中度（2.5 毫克/千克）炎症反应。此外，它表现出抗氧化作用，与 DMBA 组相比，MDA 水平显着和剂量依赖性降低，以及过氧化氢酶活性增加，证明了这一点。胡萝卜素首次显示出体内抗肿瘤作用，证实了其先前的体外作用。胡萝卜素治疗大鼠的肿瘤切片显示乳腺导管增殖较低，具有轻度（5 和 10 毫克/千克）至中度（2.5 毫克/千克）炎症反应。此外，它表现出抗氧化作用，与 DMBA 组相比，MDA 水平显着和剂量依赖性降低，以及过氧化氢酶活性增加，证明了这一点。胡萝卜素首次显示出体内抗肿瘤作用，证实了其先前的体外作用。胡萝卜素治疗大鼠的肿瘤切片显示乳腺导管增殖较低，具有轻度（5 和 10 毫克/千克）至中度（2.5 毫克/千克）炎症反应。此外，它表现出抗氧化作用，与 DMBA 组相比，MDA 水平显着和剂量依赖性降低，以及过氧化氢酶活性增加，证明了这一点。胡萝卜素首次显示出体内抗肿瘤作用，证实了其先前的体外作用。