Biodegradable polymeric biomaterial plays a vital role in therapeutic medicine and in the various discipline of biomedical science involving biomaterials. Bacterial cellulose (BC) have attracted much interest in industrial and academic research over the years as a biodegradable biopolymer. In this perspective, we looked at biodegradation of polymeric biomaterials in general, and specifically the factors and mechanisms of BC biodegradation as biomaterial. Also attempt to explore the most recent research advancement in the application of BC in terms of its biodegradability and thermal stability in biomedical science. The medical applications of BC as a biomaterial span a wide range of topics including; hard tissue engineering (bone and dental), wound dressing and skin regeneration, artificial dura mater membrane, facial nerve regeneration, prosthetic hernioplasty, soft tissue reconstruction, diagnosis of cancer, drug delivery, tissue-engineered cornea stroma, neuroendovascular application, and so on. The variation in its application implies material with different properties in terms of degradation and stability. We have identified crystallinity, molecular weight, hydrophilicity and modification strategy as the four main factors which could affect the biodegradation of BC-based material in physiological environment. In terms of in vivo degradation of BC, four main proposed mechanisms were identified, these includes; hydrolysis, enzymatic, oxidation and physical mechanism, which occurs in a tandem. Furthermore, the thermal stability of BC and its relevance in biomedical application have been explained. It was shown in previous studies that, pure BC can thermally degrade as low as 190 °C, and it could be enhanced to a temperature of 580 °C by functionalizing with an inorganic nanoparticle. As a biomaterial, it could be made degradable or stable for an intended application by playing with the key factors, and made thermal stable at high temperature by adding reinforcement agents. The BC related biomaterial still stand to be novel and an excellent development in biomedical science in the new era of green chemistry and biotechnology.

可生物降解的聚合物生物材料在治疗医学和涉及生物材料的生物医学的各个学科中起着至关重要的作用。多年来，细菌纤维素（BC）作为可生物降解的生物聚合物引起了工业和学术研究的极大兴趣。从这个角度出发，我们通常考察了高分子生物材料的生物降解，尤其是研究了生物炭作为生物材料的生物降解的因素和机理。还应尝试探索BC在生物医学中的生物降解性和热稳定性方面的最新研究进展。BC作为生物材料的医学应用涵盖了广泛的主题，包括：硬组织工程（骨骼和牙科），伤口敷料和皮肤再生，人造硬脑膜，面神经再生，人工疝气成形术，软组织重建，癌症诊断，药物输送，组织工程性角膜基质，神经血管内应用等。其应用中的变化意味着材料在降解和稳定性方面具有不同的特性。我们已经确定了结晶度，分子量，亲水性和改性策略是可能在生理环境中影响BC基材料生物降解的四个主要因素。就......而言 亲水性和改性策略是影响生理环境中BC基材料生物降解的四个主要因素。就......而言 亲水性和改性策略是影响生理环境中BC基材料生物降解的四个主要因素。就......而言体内降解BC，确定了四个主要机制，包括：水解，酶促，氧化和物理机制串联 此外，已经解释了BC的热稳定性及其在生物医学应用中的相关性。先前的研究表明，纯BC可以热降解至190°C，并且可以通过用无机纳米粒子官能化将其提高到580°C。作为一种生物材料，可以通过发挥关键因素使其降解或稳定以达到预期的用途，并通过添加增强剂使其在高温下具有热稳定性。在绿色化学和生物技术的新时代，与不列颠哥伦比亚省有关的生物材料仍然是新颖的，并且在生物医学领域取得了长足发展。