Abstract The CAMS New Zealand meteor shower survey detected a brief outburst of delta Pavonids (IAU shower 120, code DPA) with a compact radiant on March 31, 2019. This is the first instrumental detection of a shower long suspected to exist by visual observers monitoring the theoretical radiant of parent comet C/1907 G1 (Grigg-Mellish), despite it being listed in comet catalogs only with a parabolic orbit. The 2019 detection of an associated meteor shower confirms that this comet moves in an elliptical orbit. The range of allowed orbit solutions fitted to the 1907 observations of the comet strongly correlate node and semi-major axis. Taking into account the difference in node between comet orbit and dust trail, the time of the outburst constrains the comet orbital period to 447 ​± ​80 years (heliocentric), having last been near the sun in A. D. 1460 ​± ​80 years. The corresponding elliptical orbital elements for C/1907 G1 are presented. The short 23-min duration of the outburst (FWHM ​= ​16 ​min) confirms that C/1907 G1 is a small comet, having ejected dust with low ejection speeds. It passed close enough to Earth orbit to be a potentially hazardous comet in future returns.

中文翻译：

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delta pavonids 的爆发和母彗星 C/1907 G1 (Grigg-Mellish) 的轨道

摘要 CAMS 新西兰流星雨调查于 2019 年 3 月 31 日探测到具有紧凑辐射的 delta Pavonids（IAU 流星雨 120，代码 DPA）的短暂爆发。这是目视观测者监测长期怀疑存在的流星雨的首次仪器探测母彗星 C/1907 G1 (Grigg-Mellish) 的理论辐射，尽管它仅以抛物线轨道列在彗星目录中。2019 年对相关流星雨的探测证实了这颗彗星在椭圆轨道上移动。符合 1907 年彗星观测结果的允许轨道解的范围与节点和半长轴密切相关。考虑到彗星轨道和尘埃轨迹节点的差异，爆发时间将彗星轨道周期限制为447±80年（日心），最后一次靠近太阳是在公元 1460±80年。显示了 C/1907 G1 的相应椭圆轨道元素。23 分钟的爆发持续时间（FWHM = 16 分钟）证实了 C/1907 G1 是一颗小彗星，以低喷射速度喷射出尘埃。它离地球轨道足够近，在未来的回归中成为一颗潜在的危险彗星。