Motor adaptation, a type of motor learning, is often thought to involve two distinct processes: error-based and use-dependent learning. Passive movement training, which is associated with use-dependent learning, can facilitate motor adaptation, although it is unknown how long its facilitative effect can last. The objective of this study was to examine the lasting effect of passive training on visuomotor adaptation for the duration of up to 24 hours. Neurotypical, right-handed subjects experienced four experimental sessions: baseline, training, time delay and testing. In the training session, all subjects received passive training of their dominant arm that was moved by an exoskeletal robot in a “desired” target direction repeatedly. Following that, the subjects experienced a time delay of 5 minutes, 1 hour or 24 hours. In the testing session, the subjects performed reaching movements under a novel visuomotor condition, in which the visual display was rotated 30 degrees counterclockwise about the start circle. Control subjects experienced the baseline and testing sessions with a time delay of 5 minutes between the two sessions. Results indicate that the 1 -h and 24 -h groups, but not the 5-minute group, adapted to the rotation significantly better than the controls. This finding has an implication for neurorehabilitation suggesting, for example, that passive proprioceptive training may indeed be a viable option for improving arm motor function in stroke survivors with severe hemiparesis, for whom efficient intervention techniques are very limited.

运动适应是一种运动学习，通常被认为涉及两个不同的过程：基于错误的学习和基于使用的学习。被动运动训练与使用依赖型学习有关，可以促进运动适应，尽管尚不清楚其促进作用能持续多长时间。这项研究的目的是要检查被动训练对视觉运动适应的持续影响，持续时间长达24小时。神经型右撇子受试者经历了四个实验阶段：基线，训练，时间延迟和测试。在训练过程中，所有受试者均接受其被动手臂的被动训练，该手臂由外骨骼机器人反复沿“所需”目标方向移动。之后，受试者经历了5分钟，1小时或24小时的时间延迟。在测试阶段，在新的视觉运动条件下，受试者进行了伸手可及的动作，其中视觉显示围绕起始圆圈逆时针旋转了30度。对照对象经历了基线和测试会话，两次会话之间的时间间隔为5分钟。结果表明，1 h和24 h组而不是5分钟组明显比对照组更好地适应了旋转。这一发现对神经康复有一定的暗示，例如，被动性本体感受训练可能确实是改善患有严重偏瘫的卒中幸存者的手臂运动功能的可行选择，对此，有效的干预技术非常有限。视觉显示围绕起始圆逆时针旋转30度。对照对象经历了基线和测试会话，两次会话之间的时间间隔为5分钟。结果表明，1 h和24 h组而不是5分钟组比对照组明显更好地适应了旋转。这一发现对神经康复有一定的暗示，例如，被动性本体感受训练可能确实是改善患有严重偏瘫的卒中幸存者的手臂运动功能的可行选择，对此，有效的干预技术非常有限。视觉显示围绕起始圆逆时针旋转30度。对照对象经历了基线和测试会话，两次会话之间的时间间隔为5分钟。结果表明，1 h和24 h组而不是5分钟组比对照组明显更好地适应了旋转。这一发现对神经康复有一定的暗示，例如，被动性本体感受训练可能确实是改善患有严重偏瘫的卒中幸存者的手臂运动功能的可行选择，对此，有效的干预技术非常有限。适应旋转效果明显好于控件。这一发现对神经康复有一定的暗示，例如，被动性本体感受训练可能确实是改善患有严重偏瘫的卒中幸存者的手臂运动功能的可行选择，对此，有效的干预技术非常有限。适应旋转效果明显好于控件。这一发现对神经康复有一定的暗示，例如，被动性本体感受训练可能确实是改善患有严重偏瘫的卒中幸存者的手臂运动功能的可行选择，对此，有效的干预技术非常有限。