This paper addresses the problem of the stability of structures on calcareous rocks due to long-term weathering processes. The case study consists of a building resting on a calcarenite rock formation where two abandoned man-made caves exist directly under the structure. The boundaries of the caves were exposed to a slightly acidic environment inducing time-dependent weathering. Analyses were performed following a semi-decoupled approach, where the weathering process, driven by a reactive transport mechanism, was first solved and its results were fed to the mechanical problem which hence accounted for the spatial and temporal evolution or rock damage. For the mechanical problem, a nonlocal constitutive model was employed for the objective simulation of localised deformations. Relevant outcomes are obtained regarding the evolution of the structure’s stability and about the importance of regularising the finite element solution in the presence of brittle materials.

中文翻译：

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长期风化作用下钙质岩地下溶洞稳定性研究

本文解决了由于长期风化过程导致钙质岩结构稳定性的问题。案例研究包括一座建在方解石岩层上的建筑物，该结构正下方存在两个废弃的人造洞穴。洞穴的边界暴露在微酸性环境中，导致时间依赖性风化。分析是按照半解耦方法进行的，其中首先解决了由反应传输机制驱动的风化过程，并将其结果输入到机械问题中，从而解释了时空演化或岩石损坏。对于力学问题，采用非局部本构模型对局部变形进行客观模拟。