Abstract

A review of the theoretical data accumulated for the last decade on the diffusion kinetics of the stage of homogeneous nucleation of liquid droplets and gas bubbles in multicomponent systems has been presented. In addition to the previously known results, the review contains new relations and discussions that represent the further development of own studies. Thermodynamic expressions that relate the composition of critical droplets and bubbles occurring at unstable equilibrium with metastable multicomponent systems to the sizes of new-phase particles and degrees of supersaturation in the systems have been discussed. The dynamics of the growth of individual multicomponent supercritical droplets and bubbles at the stage of nucleation has been described at arbitrary values of vapor supersaturation for droplets and gas solubility in solutions for bubbles. The kinetics of the nucleation stage has been considered for ensembles of droplets and bubbles within the framework of the mean-field description of supersaturations and the excluded-volume approach. A relation has been shown between the excluded-volume approach to the description of the nucleation stage and the Kolmogorov crystallization theory.

中文翻译：

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多组分液滴和气泡均相成核阶段的动力学理论：新结果

摘要

过去十年中积累的关于多组分系统中液滴和气泡均相成核阶段的扩散动力学的理论数据已有综述。除先前已知的结果外，本综述还包含一些新的关系和讨论，这些讨论和讨论代表了自己研究的进一步发展。已经讨论了将在不稳定状态下发生的，具有亚稳态多组分系统的临界液滴和气泡的成分与新相颗粒的大小和系统中的过饱和度相关的热力学表达式。已经描述了在成核阶段各个多组分超临界液滴和气泡的生长动力学是针对液滴的蒸汽过饱和度和气泡溶液中的气体溶解度的任意值。在过饱和的平均场描述和排除体积方法的框架内，已经考虑了成核阶段的动力学，以用于液滴和气泡的集合。已经显示出在描述成核阶段的排除体积方法与Kolmogorov结晶理论之间的关系。