Background

: The consequences of schizophrenia stigma are numerous and highly damaging to individuals, their families, the health care system and society. Mental health professionals (MHP) are considered to be one of the main sources of stigmatization.

Objectives

: To identify the characteristics of MHP stigma in schizophrenia in comparison with other psychiatric disorders, the specificities of MHP compared with other social groups, and associated factors.

Methods

: Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched multiple electronic databases for articles: (i) reporting original data published in English in peer-reviewed journals, (ii) reporting quantitative data with statistical analysis, (iii) assessing stigma in a broad sense, and (iv) including samples composed only of MHP.

Results

: A total of 38 articles published from 1999 to 2019 and involving 10,926 MHP fulfilled our inclusion criteria. Studies showed that schizophrenia is the most stigmatized mental illnesses in MHP, despite recent results suggesting that borderline personality disorder and substance abuse may be more stigmatized. In comparison with other social groups, MHP reported less dangerousness beliefs and more positive beliefs regarding pharmacological treatment. Nevertheless, results were less consistent regarding prognosis and desire for social distance. Age, education level, type of mental health profession, or length of practice were associated factors that showed inconsistent relations with stigma. Work setting and biological causal beliefs were more clearly associated with MHP stigma.

Conclusion

: These findings provide strong support for the need to conduct specific research on schizophrenia stigma in MHP and the importance of controlling for several variables to identify predictors of stigma.

中文翻译：

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精神卫生专业人员的精神分裂症柱头及其相关因素：系统评价。

背景

：精神分裂症的污名的后果是多种多样的，并且对个人，其家庭，医疗保健系统和社会造成巨大损害。精神卫生专业人员（MHP）被视为污名化的主要来源之一。

目标

：与其他精神疾病相比，确定精神分裂症中MHP柱头的特征，与其他社会群体相比的MHP特异性以及相关因素。

方法

：根据PRISMA指南，我们系统地搜索了多个电子数据库中的文章：（i）报告在同行评审期刊上以英语发布的原始数据，（ii）报告定量数据并进行统计分析，（iii）广义地评估污名，以及（iv）包括仅由MHP组成的样品。

结果

：从1999年到2019年，共发表38篇文章，涉及10926份MHP，符合我们的纳入标准。研究表明，精神分裂症是MHP中最受污名化的精神疾病，尽管最近的结果表明，边缘性人格障碍和药物滥用可能更受污名化。与其他社会群体相比，MHP报告了关于药物治疗的危险性信念较少，而积极信念则更为积极。然而，关于预后和对社交距离的渴望的结果不一致。年龄，文化程度，精神卫生专业类型或从业时间是与耻辱感不一致的相关因素。工作环境和生物学因果信念与MHP污名更为明显相关。

结论

：这些发现为在MHP中对精神分裂症柱头进行特定研究的需要提供了有力支持，并为控制多个变量以识别柱头的预测因素提供了重要的支持。