BACKGROUND Metabolic complications in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals are common. Prediabetes represents a high risk for future diabetes development. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, diagnostic methods, and associated factors of prediabetes among HIV-infected individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV-infected adults without a history of diabetes who were receiving ART. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour plasma glucose (2-h PG) after a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were assessed. RESULTS A total of 397 patients with a mean age of 47.0 ± 9.8 years and 55.7% male, were studied. All received ART with undetectable plasma viral load. The mean duration of ART was 9.6 ± 5.2 years, and the mean CD4 cell count was 554 ± 235 cells/mm3. Among the patients, 28 (7.1%) had first-diagnosed diabetes, and 133 (33.5%) patients had prediabetes. Glycemia estimation by FPG, 2-h PG, and HbA1c showed a prediabetes prevalence of 17.4%, 14.7%, and 12.5%, respectively. The kappa statistics for the agreement of FPG and 2-h PG, HbA1c and 2-h PG, and HbA1c and FPG were 0.317, 0.429, and 0.396, respectively. In multivariate analysis, hypertension [odds ratio (OR) 3.38; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.16-9.91; p = 0.026), and triglycerides > 150 mg/dL (OR 2.11; 95% CI, 1.01-4.44; p = 0.047) were factors significantly associated with prediabetes. CONCLUSIONS Prediabetes among HIV-infected individuals receiving ART is common. The agreements of glycemia estimation methods are minimal to weak. HbA1c may underestimate prediabetes prevalence. Using FPG together with HbA1c increases the detection rate to approximately three-quarters of prediabetes patients. HIV-infected individuals who had hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia should be regularly assessed for prediabetes. Trial registration ClinicalTrial.gov, NCT03545217. Registered 1 June 2018-Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03545217.

中文翻译：

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接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的HIV感染者中的前驱糖尿病：患病率，诊断测试和相关因素。

背景技术在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的个体中代谢并发症是常见的。糖尿病前期代表了未来糖尿病发展的高风险。这项研究旨在确定接受抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）的HIV感染者中糖尿病前期的患病率，诊断方法和相关因素。方法对接受抗逆转录病毒治疗且无糖尿病史的艾滋病毒感染成年人进行横断面研究。评估了75克口服葡萄糖耐量试验后的空腹血糖（FPG），2小时血浆葡萄糖（2-h PG）和血红蛋白A1c（HbA1c）。结果共研究了397例患者，平均年龄为47.0±9.8岁，男性为55.7％。所有接受抗病毒治疗的ART均具有无法检测到的血浆病毒载量。ART的平均持续时间为9.6±5.2年，平均CD4细胞计数为554±235细胞/ mm3。在这些患者中，有28名（7.1％）患有初诊糖尿病，有133名（33.5％）患有糖尿病前期患者。通过FPG，2-h PG和HbA1c进行的血糖评估显示糖尿病前患病率分别为17.4％，14.7％和12.5％。FPG和2-h PG，HbA1c和2-h PG以及HbA1c和FPG的一致性的卡伯统计分别为0.317、0.429和0.396。在多变量分析中，高血压[几率（OR）3.38；95％置信区间（CI）为1.16-9.91；p = 0.026）和甘油三酸酯> 150 mg / dL（OR 2.11； 95％CI，1.01-4.44； p = 0.047）是与糖尿病前期显着相关的因素。结论在接受ART的HIV感染者中，糖尿病前期很普遍。血糖评估方法的协议从最小到弱。HbA1c可能低估了糖尿病前期的患病率。将FPG与HbA1c一起使用可将大约四分之三的糖尿病前期患者的检出率提高。患有高血压和高甘油三酯血症的艾滋病毒感染者应定期进行糖尿病前期评估。试用注册ClinicalTrial.gov，NCT03545217。已于2018年6月1日注册-追溯注册，https：//clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03545217。