Cryptochromes are blue-light receptors that mediate photoresponses in plants. The genomes of most land plants encode two clades of cryptochromes, CRY1 and CRY2, which mediate distinct and overlapping photoresponses within the same species and between different plant species. Photoresponsive protein-protein interaction is the primary mode of signal transduction of cryptochromes. Cryptochromes exist as physiologically inactive monomers in the dark; the absorption of photons leads to conformational change and cryptochrome homooligomerization, which alters the affinity of cryptochromes interacting with cryptochrome-interacting proteins to form various cryptochrome complexes. These cryptochrome complexes, collectively referred to as the cryptochrome complexome, regulate transcription or stability of photoresponsive proteins to modulate plant growth and development. The activity of cryptochromes is regulated by photooligomerization; dark monomerization; cryptochrome regulatory proteins; and cryptochrome phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and degradation. Most of the more than 30 presently known cryptochrome-interacting proteins are either regulated by other photoreceptors or physically interacting with the protein complexes of other photoreceptors. Some cryptochrome-interacting proteins are also hormonal signaling or regulatory proteins. These two mechanisms enable cryptochromes to integrate blue-light signals with other internal and external signals to optimize plant growth and development. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Plant Biology, Volume 71 is April 29, 2020. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

中文翻译：

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植物中隐花色素介导的光响应机制


隐花色素是介导植物光反应的蓝光受体。大多数陆地植物的基因组编码两个隐花色素CRY1和CRY2，它们介导同一物种内和不同植物物种之间不同和重叠的光响应。光响应蛋白-蛋白相互作用是隐花色素信号转导的主要模式。隐花色素在黑暗中以生理上无活性的单体形式存在。光子的吸收导致构象变化和隐花色素均聚化，这改变了隐花色素与隐花色素相互作用蛋白相互作用的亲和力，形成各种隐花色素复合物。这些隐花​​色素复合物统称为隐花色素复合体，调节光响应蛋白的转录或稳定性，以调节植物的生长和发育。隐花色素的活性受光齐聚作用的调节；深色单体化；隐花色素调节蛋白；和隐花色素磷酸化、泛素化和降解。目前已知的 30 多种隐花色素相互作用蛋白中的大多数要么受到其他光感受器的调节，要么与其他光感受器的蛋白质复合物发生物理相互作用。一些隐花色素相互作用蛋白也是激素信号或调节蛋白。这两种机制使隐花色素能够将蓝光信号与其他内部和外部信号结合起来，以优化植物的生长和发育。 《植物生物学年度评论》第 71 卷的预计最终在线发布日期为 2020 年 4 月 29 日。请参阅 http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates 了解修订后的估计。