Abstract

The relationship between crash pulse shape and injury risk has been studied primarily with laboratory studies, but these are not necessarily representative of most real-life crashes. For the past decade, pulse information from real-life crashes has been available through event data recorders. The aim of this study is to evaluate how crash pulses from event data recorders can be parameterized with as few parameters as possible without losing the ability to accurately predict occupant injury. Pulses from 122 NASS/CDS cases with a delta velocity over 40 km/h were parameterized using eigenvector analysis. Six different pulses were created for each of these cases, including the original pulse and five approximations with gradually more pulse information. Using a finite-element sled model with the detailed THUMS human body model, the risk of chest injury was evaluated for each pulse version in each case. By comparing the results from each pulse approximation to the original pulse, the change in chest injury could be evaluated as a function of pulse approximation for each case. Using linear regression to analyse the chest injury error results it was found that a pulse with as few as four parameters—delta velocity, duration, and two shape parameters—can sufficiently describe the pulse shape from a chest injury point of view.

摘要

碰撞脉冲形状和伤害风险之间的关系主要通过实验室研究进行研究，但这些不一定代表大多数现实生活中的碰撞。在过去的十年中，通过事件数据记录器可以获得来自现实生活中的碰撞的脉冲信息。本研究的目的是评估如何使用尽可能少的参数对来自事件数据记录器的碰撞脉冲进行参数化，同时又不会失去准确预测乘员伤害的能力。来自 122 个 NASS/CDS 案例的增量速度超过 40 公里/小时的脉冲使用特征向量分析进行参数化。为每种情况创建了六个不同的脉冲，包括原始脉冲和五个具有逐渐更多脉冲信息的近似值。使用有限元雪橇模型和详细的 THUMS 人体模型，在每种情况下，评估每个脉冲版本的胸部损伤风险。通过将每个脉冲近似值与原始脉冲的结果进行比较，可以将胸部损伤的变化评估为每种情况下脉冲近似值的函数。使用线性回归分析胸部损伤误差结果发现，一个脉冲只有四个参数——速度增量、持续时间和两个形状参数——可以从胸部损伤的角度充分描述脉冲形状。