A study was performed on the mandibular gland obtained from growing pigs enrolled in a wide research project aiming to test the effects of different feed physical forms on animal health, production and welfare. We used 48 pigs fed for four weeks with different dietary treatments based on different grinding intensities and compactions of the same diet, namely coarsely ground meal (CM), finely ground pelleted (FP) and coarsely ground pelleted (CP) diets. Samples were analyzed by conventional histochemistry to identify the glycohistochemical profile and by immunohistochemistry to localize aquaporin 5, apelin and apelin receptor. Statistical elaborations were performed using the Stats R-package, version 3.5.3. Pig mandibular gland adenomere increased both the quantity and acidity of produced glycoconjugates from CM to FP and CP diets. This probably calls forth higher watery saliva, thus promoting a better feed softening facilitating the amalgamation of the bolus. Mandibular gland increased aquaporin 5 positivity in the CP diet, supporting the hypothesis of an augmented demand for water. Based on apelin/receptor localization, it was hypothesized that in pig mandibular gland the apelinergic system likely performs an endocrine control on the demilunes activity and a paracrine control on ducts, facilitating the production of a more fluid saliva.

中文翻译：

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不同饲料物理形式对生长猪下颌腺的影响。

为了研究不同饲料物理形式对动物健康，生产和福利的影响，对一项广泛研究项目中的成年猪的下颌腺进行了研究。我们使用了48只猪，根据不同的碾磨强度和相同日粮的压实度，对其进行了不同的饮食处理，喂养了四个星期，即粗磨粉（CM），细磨粒状（FP）和粗磨粒状（CP）。通过常规组织化学分析样品以鉴定糖组化谱，并通过免疫组织化学分析以定位水通道蛋白5，apelin和apelin受体。使用Stats R-package版本3.5.3进行统计分析。猪下颌腺腺苷增加了从CM日粮到FP日粮和CP日粮中产生的糖结合物的数量和酸度。这可能要求较高的含水唾液，从而促进更好的饲料软化，促进团购的融合。下颌腺在CP饮食中增加了水通道蛋白5阳性，支持了对水需求增加的假说。基于apelin /受体的定位，假设在猪下颌腺中，apelinergic系统可能对去氢激素活性进行内分泌控制，对导管进行旁分泌控制，从而促进了唾液的流动性。