Vasopressin gene products are colocalised with corticotrophin-releasing factor within neurosecretory vesicles in the external zone of the median eminence of the Japanese macaque monkey (Macaca fuscata).,Journal of Neuroendocrinology

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Vasopressin gene products are colocalised with corticotrophin-releasing factor within neurosecretory vesicles in the external zone of the median eminence of the Japanese macaque monkey (Macaca fuscata).
Journal of Neuroendocrinology ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-23 , DOI: 10.1111/jne.12875
Akito Otubo ₁ , Natsuko Kawakami _{1,

2,

3} , Sho Maejima ₁ , Yasumasa Ueda _{4,

5} , John F Morris ₃ , Tatsuya Sakamoto ₁ , Hirotaka Sakamoto _{1,

3}

Affiliation

Arginine vasopressin (AVP), when released into portal capillaries with corticotrophin‐releasing factor (CRF) from terminals of parvocellular neurones of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVH), facilitates the secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) in stressed rodents. The AVP gene encodes a propeptide precursor containing AVP, AVP‐associated neurophysin II (NPII), and a glycopeptide copeptin, although it is currently unclear whether copeptin is always cleaved from the neurophysin and whether the NPII and/or copeptin have any functional role in the pituitary. Furthermore, for primates, it is unknown whether CRF, AVP, NPII and copeptin are all colocalised in neurosecretory vesicles in the terminal region of the paraventricular CRF neurone axons. Therefore, we investigated, by fluorescence and immunogold immunocytochemistry, the cellular and subcellular relationships of these peptides in the CRF‐ and AVP‐producing cells in unstressed Japanese macaque monkeys (Macaca fuscata ). Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction analysis showed the expression of both CRF and AVP mRNAs in the monkey PVH. As expected, in the magnocellular neurones of the PVH and supraoptic nucleus, essentially no CRF immunoreactivity could be detected in NPII‐immunoreactive (AVP‐producing) neurones. Immunofluorescence showed that, in the parvocellular part of the PVH, NPII was detectable in a subpopulation (approximately 39%) of the numerous CRF‐immunoreactive neuronal perikarya, whereas, in the outer median eminence, NPII was more prominent (approximately 52%) in the CRF varicosities. Triple immunoelectron microscopy in the median eminence demonstrated the presence of both NPII and copeptin immunoreactivity in dense‐cored vesicles of CRF‐containing axons. The results are consistent with an idea that the AVP propeptide is processed and NPII and copeptin are colocalised in hypothalamic‐pituitary CRF axons in the median eminence of a primate. The CRF, AVP and copeptin are all co‐packaged in neurosecretory vesicles in monkeys and are thus likely to be co‐released into the portal capillary blood to amplify ACTH release from the primate anterior pituitary.

中文翻译：

加压素基因产物与促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子共定位于日本猕猴 (Macaca fuscata) 正中隆起外部区域的神经分泌囊泡内。

精氨酸加压素 (AVP) 与促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子 (CRF) 一起从下丘脑室旁核 (PVH) 的小细胞神经元末端释放到门脉毛细血管中时，可促进应激啮齿动物中促肾上腺皮质激素 (ACTH) 的分泌。该AVP基因编码包含 AVP、AVP 相关神经生理素 II (NPII) 和糖肽和肽素的前肽前体，尽管目前尚不清楚和肽素是否总是从神经素上裂解，以及 NPII 和/或和肽素在垂体中是否具有任何功能作用. 此外，对于灵长类动物，尚不清楚 CRF、AVP、NPII 和和肽素是否都位于室旁 CRF 神经元轴突末端区域的神经分泌囊泡中。因此，我们通过荧光和免疫金免疫细胞化学研究了这些肽在无应激日本猕猴 ( Macaca fuscata) CRF 和 AVP 产生细胞中的细胞和亚细胞关系。）。逆转录聚合酶链反应分析显示猴子 PVH 中 CRF 和 AVP mRNA 的表达。正如预期的那样，在 PVH 和视上核的大细胞神经元中，在 NPII 免疫反应性（产生 AVP 的）神经元中基本上没有检测到 CRF 免疫反应性。免疫荧光显示，在 PVH 的细小细胞部分，在众多 CRF 免疫反应性神经元核周亚群（约 39%）中可检测到 NPII，而在外侧正中隆起中，NPII 更为突出（约 52%） CRF 静脉曲张。中位隆起的三重免疫电子显微镜检查表明，在含有 CRF 的轴突的密集核囊泡中存在 NPII 和和肽素免疫反应性。结果与 AVP 前肽被加工且 NPII 和和肽素共定位于灵长类动物正中隆起的下丘脑 - 垂体 CRF 轴突的想法一致。CRF、AVP 和和肽素都共同包装在猴子的神经分泌囊泡中，因此很可能共同释放到门静脉毛细血管血中，以放大灵长类垂体前叶的 ACTH 释放。

更新日期：2020-07-29

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