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Prescribed fire effects on sediment and nutrient exports in forested environments: A Review
Journal of Environmental Quality ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-22 , DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20108
Kipling Klimas 1 , Patrick Hiesl 1 , Donald Hagan 1 , Dara Park 2
Affiliation  

This review examines the impact of prescribed fire on the water quality variables (a) sediment load and (b) limiting macronutrients in forested environments globally. We aim to characterize the forested environments subject to prescribed fire, to discuss factors of the fire regime that contribute to water quality concerns, and to offer insight into the effect of precipitation timing and study scale on constituent exports. High fuel consumption during fire increases the risk of erosion and constituent export during precipitation, though high fuel consumption during prescribed fire is uncommon in forested environments. Small-scale studies examining sediment yield after prescribed fire may fail to capture the effect of landscape-scale spatial variability, and watershed-scale studies accounting for such variability are lacking. Although small-plot studies confirm that prescribed fire can alter hydrologic inputs, the environmental impact of these increases is minimal, particularly when compared with other land-use systems. Generally, prescribed fire is a beneficial and low-impact disturbance that likely improves fire-adapted forest health. However, gaps in knowledge exist at various spatial and temporal scales; this review suggests two avenues of future research, including (a) greater understanding of fire regime interactions that control surface runoff and erosion at the watershed scale, and (b) monitoring forest health and ecological function after prescribed fire rather than direct nutrient exports.

中文翻译:

规定的火灾对森林环境中沉积物和养分出口的影响:综述

本综述研究了规定的火灾对水质变量(a)沉积物负荷和(b)限制全球森林环境中的常量营养素的影响。我们的目标是描述受规定火灾影响的森林环境,讨论导致水质问题的火灾状况因素,并深入了解降水时间和研究规模对成分出口的影响。火灾期间的高燃料消耗会增加降水期间侵蚀和成分输出的风险,尽管在森林环境中规定的火灾期间高燃料消耗并不常见。检查规定火灾后沉积物产量的小规模研究可能无法捕捉到景观尺度空间变异的影响,并且缺乏考虑这种变异的流域尺度研究。尽管小地块研究证实规定的火灾可以改变水文输入,但这些增加对环境的影响很小,尤其是与其他土地利用系统相比时。一般来说,规定的火灾是一种有益且低影响的干扰,可能会改善适应火灾的森林健康。然而,在不同的空间和时间尺度上都存在知识差距;本综述提出了未来研究的两个途径,包括 (a) 更深入地了解控制流域尺度地表径流和侵蚀的火势相互作用,以及 (b) 在规定的火灾后监测森林健康和生态功能,而不是直接输出养分。一般来说,规定的火灾是一种有益且低影响的干扰,可能会改善适应火灾的森林健康。然而,在不同的空间和时间尺度上都存在知识差距;本综述提出了未来研究的两个途径,包括 (a) 更深入地了解控制流域尺度地表径流和侵蚀的火势相互作用,以及 (b) 在规定的火灾后监测森林健康和生态功能,而不是直接输出养分。一般来说,规定的火灾是一种有益且低影响的干扰,可能会改善适应火灾的森林健康。然而,在不同的空间和时间尺度上都存在知识差距;本综述提出了未来研究的两个途径,包括 (a) 更深入地了解控制流域尺度地表径流和侵蚀的火势相互作用,以及 (b) 在规定的火灾后监测森林健康和生态功能,而不是直接输出养分。
更新日期:2020-06-22
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