The neural mechanisms underlying one's own language production and the comprehension of language produced by other speakers in daily communication remain elusive. Here, we assessed how self‐language production and other‐language comprehension interact within a language switching context using event‐related functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (er‐fMRI) in 32 unbalanced Chinese‐English bilinguals. We assessed within‐modality language interference during language production and comprehension as well as cross‐modality interference when switching from production to comprehension and vice versa. Results revealed that the overall effect of production (across switch and repeat trials) was larger in the cross‐modality than within‐modality condition in a series of attentional control areas, namely the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex and left precuneus. Furthermore, the left precuneus was recruited more strongly in switch trials compared to repeat trials (i.e., switching costs) in within‐production conditions but not in the cross‐modality condition. These findings suggest that switching from production to comprehension recruits cognitive control areas to successfully implement switches between modalities. However, cross‐language interference (in the form of language switching costs) mainly stems from the self‐language production system.

中文翻译：

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自我和其他语言行为的交互影响：来自双语产生和理解之间切换的证据。

在日常交流中，一个人自己的语言产生和对其他说话者产生的语言的理解背后的神经机制仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们使用事件相关的功能磁共振成像 (er-fMRI) 在 32 名不平衡的汉英双语者中评估了自语言产生和其他语言理解在语言切换上下文中的相互作用。我们评估了语言产生和理解过程中的模态内语言干扰以及从产生转换到理解时的跨模态干扰，反之亦然。结果显示，在一系列注意力控制区域，即左背外侧前额叶皮层，跨模式的生产（跨转换和重复试验）的总体影响大于模式内条件。前扣带回皮层和左楔前叶。此外，与生产内条件下的重复试验（即转换成本）相比，转换试验中左楔前叶的募集更强烈，但在跨模态条件下则不然。这些发现表明，从生产到理解的转换会招募认知控制区域，以成功实现模式之间的转换。然而，跨语言干扰（以语言转换成本的形式）主要源于自语言生产系统。这些发现表明，从生产到理解的转换会招募认知控制区域，以成功实现模式之间的转换。然而，跨语言干扰（以语言转换成本的形式）主要源于自语言生产系统。这些发现表明，从生产到理解的转换会招募认知控制区域，以成功实现模式之间的转换。然而，跨语言干扰（以语言转换成本的形式）主要源于自语言生产系统。