Abstract Urban areas are often overheated, which potentially results in a range of negative effects on the urban microclimate. One way to mitigate urban overheating is to provide shading by tall vegetation (trees). Simulations of insolation with different tree locations were used for insolation mitigation in previous research. However, in urban green spaces potential tree locations can be selected with greater freedom. Therefore, the method for selecting tree locations has to rely on optimization, as there are many possible combinations of locations. The aim of this paper is to devise an approach for insolation mitigation by changing the location of trees in urban green spaces. The approach uses input data that describe the geometry of the built environment and the geometry of trees, as well as climate and weather data (direct radiation, diffuse radiation and cloud cover). The algorithm is applicable to any location and urban environment. The approach uses the Evolutionary algorithm, a method based on natural selection suitable for solving optimization problems. The evolutionary approach is compared to the simulation of average insolation values and the simulations and selection of random tree locations. It is also applied to a real-world example. The results indicate that the proposed approach can be used to mitigate insolation in urban green spaces.

中文翻译：

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城市绿地树木位置变化对日照减缓的影响

摘要 城市地区经常过热，这可能会对城市小气候产生一系列负面影响。缓解城市过热的一种方法是通过高大的植被（树木）提供遮荫。在先前的研究中，使用不同树木位置的日照模拟来缓解日照。然而，在城市绿地中，可以更自由地选择潜在的树木位置。因此，选择树位置的方法必须依赖于优化，因为位置的可能组合有很多。本文的目的是设计一种通过改变城市绿地中树木的位置来减轻日照的方法。该方法使用描述建筑环境几何形状和树木几何形状的输入数据，以及气候和天气数据（直接辐射、漫射辐射和云层覆盖）。该算法适用于任何位置和城市环境。该方法使用进化算法，这是一种基于自然选择的方法，适用于解决优化问题。将进化方法与平均日照值的模拟以及随机树位置的模拟和选择进行比较。它也适用于一个现实世界的例子。结果表明，所提出的方法可用于减轻城市绿地的日照。将进化方法与平均日照值的模拟以及随机树位置的模拟和选择进行比较。它也适用于一个现实世界的例子。结果表明，所提出的方法可用于减轻城市绿地的日照。将进化方法与平均日照值的模拟以及随机树位置的模拟和选择进行比较。它也适用于一个现实世界的例子。结果表明，所提出的方法可用于减轻城市绿地的日照。