Background

Breastfeeding is one of the most important factors influencing proper child development. When a mother cannot breastfeed, the best alternative, especially for feeding premature infants, is to then use of human milk (HM) which has been collected, preserved and stored in Human Milk Banks (HMB).

Scope and approach

In this review, the impact of some stages of the management of HM in HMB on its final biological value and microbiological safety are described. Negative changes in HM components begin during the first stage of frozen storage. In the next stages, further losses occur, which largely depend on the applied method of microbiota elimination. Complete inactivation of milk microbiota can be achieved after pressurization in the range 500–600 MPa, but similarly for holder pasteurization (HoP), in these conditions unfavorable changes in the milk components take place. At lower pressures, the changes are smaller, but microbiological safety of HM is not achieved.

Key findings and conclusions

Replacing HoP with pressurization does not seem to be justified so far, not only because of the small differences in the retention of valuable HM ingredients, but also because of the high costs associated with the inclusion of the device for generating pressure in the HMB environment. A new solution may be the use of high-pressure milk storage at subzero temperatures, but this hypothesis must be verified.

中文翻译：

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高静水压力处理可以成为保存母乳的最佳方法吗？

背景

母乳喂养是影响儿童正常发育的最重要因素之一。当母亲无法母乳喂养时，最好的选择，尤其是对于早产儿喂养，是使用已收集，保存并存储在人乳库（HMB）中的人乳（HM ）。

范围和方法

在这篇综述中，描述了HMB中HM管理的某些阶段对其最终生物学价值和微生物安全性的影响。HM组件的负变化始于冷冻存储的第一阶段。在接下来的阶段中，还会发生更多的损失，这在很大程度上取决于所应用的杀灭微生物的方法。牛奶的微生物群的完全失活后可以实现加压在范围500-600兆帕，但类似地，对于保持器的巴氏杀菌（HOP），在这些条件下，乳组分不利变化发生。在较低的压力下，变化较小，但无法实现HM的微生物学安全性。

主要发现和结论

迄今为止，用加压代替HoP似乎是不合理的，这不仅是因为有价值的HM成分的保留差异很小，而且还因为在HMB环境中安装用于产生压力的装置而产生的高昂成本。一种新的解决方案可能是在零下温度下使用高压牛奶储存，但是必须验证这一假设。