Abstract The aim of the study was to investigate genotoxic and cytotoxic activities of Artemisia vulgaris L. and Artemisia alba Turra methanol extracts concerning their chemical composition, separately and in co-treatment with a known mutagen (mitomycin C, MMC). For these evaluations, the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay as the method for measuring MN frequency in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and MTT assay as the proliferation test in SW-480 human colon cancer cells and human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) as normal control, were performed. The total phenol and flavonoid contents were determined using the spectrophotometric method, and identification and quantification of polyphenols were performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-PDA). Cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay showed that both extracts significantly increased micronucleus (MN) frequency in the PBLs treated with all tested concentrations (10, 50, 100 and 250 μg/mL), except the lowest concentration (10 μg/mL) of A. vulgaris. All the concentrations of A. alba significantly influence the nuclear division index (NDI). In treatment against MMC, the extracts dose-dependently reduced MN frequencies and NDI values in comparison with the positive control. A. alba extract exhibits significant cytotoxic activity in SW-480 cells, while A. vulgaris induces cytotoxic activity only in co-treatment with MMC after long-term exposure. Both extracts did not significantly affect the viability of the PDLSCs. The phytochemical analysis showed that the extracts contained large amounts of total phenols and flavonoids. The most abundant polyphenolic compounds were chlorogenic acid and quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside, while 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid present in higher amount and detected only in A. alba extract. High concentrations of certain polyphenolic compounds detected in A. vulgaris and A. alba extracts can be a significant factor for obtaining genotoxic, cytotoxic and protective activities.

中文翻译：

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普通蒿和白蒿甲醇提取物的基因毒性和细胞毒性活性的体外研究

摘要 本研究的目的是研究青蒿和白蒿甲醇提取物在化学成分方面的遗传毒性和细胞毒性活性，分别与已知诱变剂（丝裂霉素 C，MMC）共同处理。对于这些评估，胞质分裂阻断微核 (CBMN) 测定作为测量人外周血淋巴细胞 (PBL) 中 MN 频率的方法和 MTT 测定作为 SW-480 人结肠癌细胞和人牙周膜干细胞的增殖试验。 PDLSCs) 作为正常对照。总酚和类黄酮含量采用分光光度法测定，多酚的鉴定和定量采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC-PDA）。细胞分裂阻滞微核试验表明，除了最低浓度 (10 μg/mL) 的 A 之外，两种提取物均显着增加了用所有测试浓度 (10、50、100 和 250 μg/mL) 处理的 PBL 中的微核 (MN) 频率。寻常的。A. alba 的所有浓度都显着影响核分裂指数 (NDI)。在针对 MMC 的治疗中，与阳性对照相比，提取物剂量依赖性地降低了 MN 频率和 NDI 值。A. alba 提取物在 SW-480 细胞中表现出显着的细胞毒活性，而 A. vulgaris 仅在长期暴露后与 MMC 共同处理时才会诱导细胞毒活性。两种提取物都没有显着影响 PDLSC 的生存能力。植物化学分析表明，提取物含有大量的总酚类和黄酮类化合物。最丰富的多酚化合物是绿原酸和槲皮素-3-O-吡喃葡萄糖苷，而 2,5-二羟基苯甲酸含量较高，仅在白曲霉提取物中检测到。在 A. vulgaris 和 A. alba 提取物中检测到的高浓度某些多酚化合物可能是获得基因毒性、细胞毒性和保护活性的重要因素。