Hyperkinetic movement disorders comprise a variety of conditions characterized by involuntary movements, which include but are not limited to tardive dyskinesia, chorea associated with Huntington's Disease, and tic disorders. The class of medications that have been used to treat these conditions includes Vesicular Monoamine Transporter-2 (VMAT2) inhibitors. In 2008, the FDA approved tetrabenazine as a treatment for chorea associated with Huntington's Disease. Optimization of the pharmacology of tetrabenazine has since led to the approval of two new VMAT2 inhibitors, deutetrabenazine and valbenazine. The objective of this review is to provide background on the role of VMAT in monoamine neurotransmission, the mechanism of VMAT2 inhibition on the treatment of hyperkinetic disorders (specifically tardive dyskinesia and chorea associated with Huntington's Disease), the pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of the commercially available VMAT2 inhibitors, and a summary of the clinical data to support application of these medications.

运动亢进运动障碍包括以不自主运动为特征的多种病症，包括但不限于迟发性运动障碍，与亨廷顿氏病相关的舞蹈病和抽动症。用于治疗这些疾病的药物包括Vesicular Monoamine Transporter-2（VMAT2）抑制剂。2008年，FDA批准丁苯那嗪用于治疗与亨廷顿舞蹈病相关的舞蹈病。此后，对丁苯那嗪药理学的优化导致批准了两种新的VMAT2抑制剂，申特苯那嗪和缬苯那嗪。这篇综述的目的是提供VMAT在单胺神经传递中的作用的背景知识，